Chapter 10

Question 1

photosynthesis

Answer 1

the conversion process that transforms the energy of sunlight into chemical energy stored in sugars and other organic molecules

Question 2

autotrophs

Answer 2

self feeders; make their own food

Question 3

heterotrophs

Answer 3

unable to make food; live on compounds produced by other organisms

Question 4

chloroplast

Answer 4

eukaryotic organelle that absorbs energy from sunlight and uses it to drive the synthesis of organic compounds from carbon dioxide and water

Question 5

mesophyll

Answer 5

the tissue in the interior of the leaf

Question 6

stomata

Answer 6

microscopic pores on the leaf

Question 7

light reactions

Answer 7

first part of photosynthesis

Question 8

calvin cycle

Answer 8

second part of photosynthesis

Question 9

photophosphorylation

Answer 9

light reactions generating ATP using chemiosmosis to power the addition of a phosphate group to ADP

Question 10

chlorophyll

Answer 10

green pigment that gives leaves their color

Question 11

carbon fixation

Answer 11

initial incorporation of carbon into organic compounds

Question 12

wavelength

Answer 12

distance between the crests of electromagnetic waves

Question 13

electromagnetic spectrum

Answer 13

entire range of radiation

Question 14

visible light

Answer 14

380 nm to 740 nm

Question 15

photons

Answer 15

discrete particles; packets of light

Question 16

spectrophotometer

Answer 16

an instrument used to measure the ability of a pigment to absorb various wavelengths of light

Question 17

absorption spectrum

Answer 17

a graph plotting a pigments light absorption versus wavelength

Question 18

chlorophyll a

Answer 18

key light capturing pigment

Question 19

chlorophyll b

Answer 19

a separate group of accessory pigments called cartenoids

Question 20

action spectrum

Answer 20

profiles the relative effectiveness of different wavelengths of radiation

Question 21

catenoids

Answer 21

hydrocarbons that are various shades of yellow and orange

Question 22

primary electron acceptor

Answer 22

a molecule capable of accepting electrons and becoming reduced

Question 23

linear electron flow

Answer 23

flow of electrons through the photosystems and other molecular components built into the thylakoid membrane

Question 24

cyclic electron flow

Answer 24

uses photosystem I not phososystem II

Question 25

photorespiration

Answer 25

peroxisomes and mitochondria within the plant cell rearrange and split this compound releasing this compound

Question 26

bundle-sheath cells

Answer 26

cells that are arranged into tightly packed sheaths around the veins of the leaf

Question 27

crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM)

Answer 27

when plants take up co2 and incorporate it into a variety of organic episodes