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A & P 2 > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. The germline organization of antigen receptor gene loci on chromosome 14 shows VI through V, D, J, C-mu, C-delta, C-gamma….locus it belongs to:
    a. Kappa chain locus
    b. TCR- beta chain locus
    c. H chain locus
    d. Lambda chain locus
    e. TCR- alpha chain locus
A

C

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2
Q
  1. The following are true of toll-like receptors except
    a. Recognize PAMPs in the cytoplasm
    b. Found on the cell membrane and endosomes
    c. Activate two transcription factors, NF-kappa B and interferon regulatory factor 3
    d. Respond to double-stranded RNA, flagellin and unmethylated CPG oligonucleotides
A

A

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3
Q
  1. Rearrange the following steps in the capture and presentation of protein antigens by dendritic cells:
    a. Lymph node
    b. Afferent lymphatic vessel
    c. Dendritic cells in the epidermis
    d. Loss of adhesiveness
    e. Antigen presentation
    f. Antigen capture
    i. 4, 2, 6, 1, 3, 5
    ii. 3, 6, 4, 2, 1, 5
    iii. 3, 4, 2, 6, 5, 1
    iv. 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1
A

ii

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4
Q
  1. Which of the following are functions of complement?
    a. Opsonization
    b. Cell lysis
    c. B cell activation
    I. I, II and III
    ii. II and III
    iii. I and II
    iv. I
    v. III
A

i

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5
Q
  1. Impaired but not abolished NF-kappa B could cause
    a. Autoinflammatory syndrome
    b. Chronic granulomatous disease
    c. Thrombosis
    d. Ectodermal dysplasia
    e. Severe immunodeficiency
A

D

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6
Q
  1. Lysosomal content used during phagocytosis include all of these except
    a. Reactive oxygen intermediates
    b. Proteases
    c. Endotoxin
    d. Nitric oxide
    e. Oxidase
A

C

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7
Q
  1. ___________ is also called acquired immunity
    a. Natural
    b. Native
    c. Innate
    d. Adaptive
A

D

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8
Q
  1. Surrogate light chain along with a heavy chain and Igα and Igβ signaling molecules make up:
    a. Mature B cell
    b. Immature B cell
    c. Pro-B cell
    d. Pre-B cell
A

D

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9
Q
  1. Four to 96 hours after infection would be considered
    a. Early induced response
    b. Immediate response
    c. Adaptive immune response
    d. Late induced response
A

A

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10
Q
  1. Which of the following is not associated with a cell-mediated response?
    a. Macrophages
    b. T cells
    c. Natural killer cells
    d. B cells
A

C

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11
Q
  1. Which of the following is a role of the invariant chain (li) in antigen processing?
    a. Directing the class II molecule to the endosome
    b. Preventing peptide loading of the class II molecule
    c. Preventing class I molecules from competing for peptides
    i. II and III
    ii. I and II
    iii. I
    iv. I, II, and III
    v. III
A

ii

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12
Q
  1. Antibody isotypes are differentiated on the basis of:
    a. Heavy chain structure
    b. Light chain structure
    c. Variable region of light chains
    i. III
    ii. I and II
    iii. I
    iv. II and III
    v. I, II and III
A

iii

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13
Q
  1. Which of these statements about the Fab portion of antibodies is true?
    a. It binds to antigens
    b. Its amino acid sequences are variable
    c. It consists of both heavy and light chains
    d. All of these are true
A

D

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14
Q
  1. in positive selection in the thymus, immature thymocytes
    a. Recognize peptides in the bone marrow
    b. Exhibit weak recognition of MHC molecules
    c. Do not recognize MHC molecules
    d. Exhibit strong recognition of MHC molecules
A

B

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15
Q
  1. Cells responsible for innate immunity are activated most commonly by
    a. Neutrophils
    b. Eosinophils
    c. Pollen
    d. Carbohydrate sequences in bacterial cell walls
    e. Glucocorticoids
A

D

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16
Q
  1. __________ cells allow the immune system to respond more quickly if the same antigen is encountered …..
    a. Memory cells
    b. Immature T cells
    c. Naïve cells
    d. Natural killer cells
A

A

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17
Q
  1. Which of the following is a characteristic of the T cell receptor (TCR)?
    a. Is present on all T cells
    b. Has dual chain structure
    c. Recognizes antigen bound to class I and class II molecules
    i. I and II
    ii. I
    iii. I, II and III
    iv. I and III
    v. II and III
    vi. II
    vii. III
A

iii

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18
Q
  1. Which of the following is NOT involved in signal transduction of T cells?
    a. Zeta chain
    b. MHC
    c. CD3
    d. CD4/CD8
A

B

19
Q
  1. The protein that transports endogenous antigens from the cytosol to the endoplasmic reticulum is known as:
    a. DM
    b. Transporter-associated antigen processing (TAP)
    c. CLIP
    d. Invariant chain
A

B

20
Q
  1. Choose the correct order in the process of activation of T cells:
    a. Antigen recognition, activation, clonal expansion, differentiation
    b. Differentiation, clonal expansion, antigen recognition, activation
    c. Clonal expansion, antigen recognition, activation, differentiation
    d. Activation, clonal expansion, differentiation, antigen recognition
    e. Differentiation, clonal expansion, activation, antigen recognition
A

A

21
Q
  1. VDJ gene recombination would be best described as
    a. Somatic mutation
    b. P-nucleotide deletions
    c. P-nucleotide additions
    d. Junctional diversity
    e. Combinational diversity
A

E

22
Q
  1. A class MHC molecule consists of
    a. A single glycoprotein chain
    b. A single glycoprotein chain plys a beta 2-microglobulin molecule
    c. Two glycoprotein chains
    i. I
    ii. III
    iii. I and II
    iv. I, II, and III
    v. II and III
A

ii

23
Q
  1. The following are components of innate immunity except
    a. Plasma proteins
    b. Cytotoxic T cells
    c. Phagocytes
    d. Epithelial barriers
    e. Natural killer cells
A

B

24
Q
  1. B cell receptor
    a. Antigen recognition is mediated by the variable regions of alpha and beta chains
    b. Can recognize peptides only
    c. Associated with CD3 and zeta proteins
    d. Responds to both three-dimensional and linear epitopes
A

D

25
Q
  1. Rearrange the following regarding the development of heavy chain in the correct order:
    a. (1) Transcription of VDJ
    b. (2) Recombination of VDJ
    c. (3) Mu-mRNA
    d. (4) Splicing of VDJ onto C region RNA
    e. (5) Mu heavy chain
    i. 5, 4, 3, 2, 1
    ii. 2, 3, 1, 4, 5
    iii. 5, 1, 2, 3, 4
    iv. 2, 1, 4, 3, 5
A

iv

26
Q
  1. Which of the following is an opsonin?
    a. C1
    b. C5a
    c. C3a
    d. C3b
A

D

27
Q
  1. HLA class I molecules present antigen to
    a. CD4 cells
    b. B cells
    c. Dendritic cells
    d. CD8 cells
A

D

28
Q
  1. Arrange the phases of an adaptive immune response in the correct order:
    a. (1) Memory
    b. (2) Contraction
    c. (3) Antigen elimination
    d. (4) Lymphocyte activation
    e. (5) Antigen recognition
    i. 4, 5, 2, 3, 1
    ii. 5, 4, 3, 2, 1
    iii. 2, 4, 5, 3, 1
    iv. 1, 4, 5, 3, 2
A

ii

29
Q
  1. All of the following are true of innate immunity EXCEPT
    a. Receptors are encoded in germline
    b. Receptors are of limited diversity
    c. Clones with distinct specificities express different receptors
    d. Identical receptors on all cells are of the same lineage
A

C

30
Q
  1. Natural killer (NK) cells are a type of:
    a. Lymphocytes
    b. Granulocytes
    c. Antigen presenting cells
    d. Effector cells
    i. ** lymphocytes: lymphocytes are agranular leukocytes (see page 9)
A

A and/or D

31
Q
  1. These are all true of innate immunity except
    a. Recognizes and responds to microbes and host cells damaged by microbes
    b. Reacts against nonmicrobial substances
    c. Prior exposure is not required
    d. Always present
    e. Immediate response
A

B

32
Q
  1. What is the process of coating microbes to facilitate recognition by phagocytes?
    a. Opsonization
    b. Activation
    c. Adhesion
    d. Migration
A

A

33
Q
  1. Foreign antigens phagovytoed by macrophages are presented by
    a. Class I MHC molecules to helper T cells
    b. Class II MHC molecules to CD8-bearing cells
    c. Class II MHC molecules to helper T cells
    d. Class II MHC molecules to cytotoxic T cells
A

C

34
Q
  1. Which of the following cells is considered a “professional” antigen presenting cell?
    a. Helper T cell
    b. Endothelial cell
    c. Neutrophil
    d. Macrophage
A

D

35
Q
  1. Blood monocytes differentiate into _____ when they enter extracellular tissues
    a. Naïve cells
    b. Effector cells
    c. Natural killer cells
    d. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
    e. Macrophages
A

E

36
Q
  1. Double positive immature T cells that express weak recognition of class I MHC and peptide would most likely:
    a. Undergo maturation as CD8+ T cells
    b. Undergo negative selection
    c. Fail positive selection
    d. Undergo maturation as CD4+ T cells
A

A

37
Q
  1. Defective lysosomal granules of phagocytes and natural killer cells could cause
    a. Chronic granulomatous disease
    b. Thrombosis
    c. Chediak-Higashi syndrome
    d. Septic shock
A

C

38
Q
  1. Which of the following antibodies is the first antibody produced during an immune response?
    a. IgA
    b. IgG
    c. IgD
    d. IgM
    e. IgE
A

D

39
Q
  1. Class II locus consists of one of the following genes:
    a. HLA-DP
    b. HLA-C
    c. HLA-D
    d. HLA-A
    e. HLA-B
A

A

40
Q
  1. Rearrange the following regarding the development of B lymphocytes in the correct order:
    a. (1) Coexpression of IgM and IgD
    b. (2) Addition of light chain
    c. (3) Mu-chain in the cytoplasm
    d. (4) Pro-B cell
    e. (5) Stem cell in the bone marrow
    i. 5, 4, 1, 2, 3
    ii. 5, 4, 1, 3, 2
    iii. 5, 4, 2, 3, 1
    iv. 5, 3, 4, 2, 1
    v. 5, 4, 3, 2, 1
A

v

41
Q
  1. Which of the following is important in nonspecific immune defense?
    a. Secretion of antibodies
    b. Interferons
    c. Activation of lymphocytes
    d. Class I MHC proteins
A

B

42
Q
  1. The following are examples of PAMPs EXCEPT:
    a. IRF-3
    b. Viral envelope proteins
    c. Bacterial flagellin
    d. Unmethylated CpG dinucleotides
    e. Fungal mannans
A

A

43
Q
  1. Active immunity may be produced by
    a. Contracting a disease
    b. Receiving a vaccine
    c. Receiving antibody injections
    d. Both a and b
    e. Both b and c
A

D

44
Q
  1. CD4 is a marker of
    a. B cells
    b. An activated macrophage
    c. Cytotoxic T cells
    d. Helper T cells
A

D

A & P 2 (19 decks)

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