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Bio 131 > Exam 2: Proteins > Flashcards

Exam 2: Proteins Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What elements make up proteins?

A

C, H, O, N, and small amounts of other elements like S

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2
Q

Monomers of proteins?

A

Amino acids

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3
Q

Compound composed of 2-49 amino acids

A

Peptide

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4
Q

Compound composed of 50+ amino acids

A

Polypeptide

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5
Q

Structure of Amino Acids

A

Amino Group (NH2), Carboxyl Group (COOH), H, Side chain

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6
Q

What charge is the amino group?

A

+

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7
Q

What charge is the carboxyl group?

A

-

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8
Q

How many side chains are there?

A

20

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9
Q

Four types of side chains

A

Acidic, basic, uncharged polar (hydrophilic), nonpolar (hydrophobic)

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10
Q

If the side chain has a negative charge

A

Acidic

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11
Q

If the side chain has a positive charge

A

Basic

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12
Q

If the side chain has an oxygen

A

Uncharged polar (hydrophilic)

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13
Q

Which amino acid only has a hydrogen for its side chain

A

Glycine

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14
Q

Which amino acid is ringed

A

Proline

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15
Q

Which amino acid has a sulfhydryl group

A

Cysteine

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16
Q

What bond connects amino acids for polymerization?

A

peptide bond

17
Q

How does a peptide bond form?

A

Dehydration synthesis, oxygen of carboxyl group and hydrogens of amino group are removed

18
Q

3 characteristics of peptide bond backbones

A

R-group orientation, directionality (N to C), flexibility

19
Q

Four levels of protein structure

A

Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Quaternary

20
Q

What is primary structure

A

Amino acid sequence

21
Q

What is secondary structure

A

Hydrogen bonding between O of carboxyl group and H of amino group, forms either alpha-helix or beta-pleated sheet

22
Q

What is tertiary structure

A

Folding of secondary structures…hydrogen bonding, ionic bonding, hydrophobic / van der Waals interactions, and disulfide bonds form 3D shape

23
Q

What is quaternary structure

A

Subunits interact to form a single structure

Bio 131 (25 decks)

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