Exam 2: Muscles of Head, Neck, and Trunk Flashcards
1
Q
Naming of Muscles
A
- actions
- body regions
- attachments
- fiber oreientation
- shape/size
- muscle head/tendons of origin
2
Q
Epicranius
A
-composed of the occipitofrontalis muscle and an epicranial aponeurosis (flattened tendon)
3
Q
Frontal Belly of Occipitofrontalis
A
-elevates eyebrows and wrinkles skin of forehead
4
Q
Occipital Belly of Occipitofrontalis
A
-retracts scalp slightly
5
Q
Orbicularis Oculi
A
- closes the eyes
- wink, blink, squint
6
Q
Orbicularis Oris
A
- closes and purses lips
- kiss, pucker
7
Q
Zygomaticus Major
A
- elevates corner of mouth
- smile
8
Q
Depressor Anguli Oris
A
- depresses corner of mouth
- frown
9
Q
Buccinator
A
- pulls cheeks against teeth when chewing
- some trumpet players stretch this out
10
Q
Platysma
A
- tenses skin of neck, and depresses lower lip
- pout
11
Q
Masseter
A
- elevates and protracts mandible
- muscle of mastication
12
Q
Temporalis
A
- elevates and retracts mandible
- muscle of mastication
13
Q
Medial Pterygoid
A
- elevates mandible and moves mandible side to side
- muscle of mastication
14
Q
Lateral Pterygoid
A
- elevates mandible and moves mandible side to side
- muscle of mastication
15
Q
Genioglossus
A
-protracts (protrudes) tongue
16
Q
Styloglossus
A
- retracts tongue
17
Q
Hyoglossus
A
-depresses tongue
18
Q
Sternocleidomastoid
A
- each rotates head to one side, together: flex the head/neck
- attaches to sternum, clavicle, and mastoid process
- posterior neck muscle
19
Q
Splenius Capitis
A
- each rotates head to one side, together: extend the head/neck
- head bandage
- posterior neck muscle
- Sternocleidomastoid and Slenius Capitis work together to rotate head but they perform opposite functions regarding flexing or extending the neck
20
Q
Digastric
A
- elevates hyoid
- depresses mandible
- suprahyoid muscle
- anterior neck muscle
21
Q
Stylohyoid
A
- elevates hyoid bone
- suprahyoid muscle
- anterior neck muscle
22
Q
Mylohyoid
A
- elevates hyoid and raises floor of mouth
- suprahyoid muscle
- anterior neck muscle
23
Q
Geniohyoid
A
- elevates hyoid bone
- suprahyoid muscle
- anterior neck muscle
24
Q
Sternohyoid
A
- depresses hyoid
- infrahyoid muscle
- anterior neck muscle
25
Omohyoid
- depresses hyoid
- infrahyoid muscle
- anterior neck muscle
26
Sternothyroid
- depresses thyroid cartilage (not bone)
- infrahyoid muscle
- anterior neck muscle
27
Thyrohyoid
- depresses hyoid and raises thyroid cartilage
- infrahyoid muscle
- anterior neck muscle
28
Superficial Back Muscles
-move the scapula and humerus
29
Quadratus Lumborum
- together: extend lumbar vertebral column
- unilaterally: each laterally flexes vert column
- deep back muscle
30
Erector Spinae Group of Muscles
- Extend vertebral column
- Consists of:
a. Iliocostalis: lateral
b. longissimus: intermediate
c. spinalis: medial
- deep back muscles
31
Superficial Thorax Muscles
-move upper limb, not ribs
32
Deep Thorax Muscles
-respiration muscles
33
Diaphragm
- contraction pulls the central portion down, increasing vertical dimensions of thorax
- deep thorax muscle
34
External Intercostals
- elevate ribs during inhalation
- fibers run inferomedially
- deep thorax muscle
35
Internal Intercostals
- depress ribs during exhalation
- fibers run inferolaterally
- deep thorax muscle
36
External Abdominal Oblique
- bilaterally flex vertebral column andcompress abdominal wall
- unilaterally: lateral flexion of vertebral column
- fibers run inferomedially
- similar to external intercostals
37
Internal Abdominal Oblique
- bilaterally: flex vertebral column and compress abdominal wall
- unilaterally: lateral flexion of vertebral column
- fibers run inferolaterally
- similar to inferior intercostals
38
Transversus Abdominus
- bilaterally: flex vertebral column and compress abdominal wall
- unilaterally:laterally flexes vertebral column
39
Rectus Abdominus
- flex vertebral column and compress abdominal wall
- straight fibers
40
Muscles of the Pelvic Floor and Perineum
- close inferior opening of pelvis
- support the pelvic organs
- assist with defecation, voluntary part of urination, and childbirth
