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Anatomy A-215 > Exam 2: Muscles of Head, Neck, and Trunk > Flashcards

Exam 2: Muscles of Head, Neck, and Trunk Flashcards

1
Q

Naming of Muscles

A
  • actions
  • body regions
  • attachments
  • fiber oreientation
  • shape/size
  • muscle head/tendons of origin
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2
Q

Epicranius

A

-composed of the occipitofrontalis muscle and an epicranial aponeurosis (flattened tendon)

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3
Q

Frontal Belly of Occipitofrontalis

A

-elevates eyebrows and wrinkles skin of forehead

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4
Q

Occipital Belly of Occipitofrontalis

A

-retracts scalp slightly

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5
Q

Orbicularis Oculi

A
  • closes the eyes
  • wink, blink, squint
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6
Q

Orbicularis Oris

A
  • closes and purses lips
  • kiss, pucker
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7
Q

Zygomaticus Major

A
  • elevates corner of mouth
  • smile
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8
Q

Depressor Anguli Oris

A
  • depresses corner of mouth
  • frown
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9
Q

Buccinator

A
  • pulls cheeks against teeth when chewing
  • some trumpet players stretch this out
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10
Q

Platysma

A
  • tenses skin of neck, and depresses lower lip
  • pout
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11
Q

Masseter

A
  • elevates and protracts mandible
  • muscle of mastication
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12
Q

Temporalis

A
  • elevates and retracts mandible
  • muscle of mastication
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13
Q

Medial Pterygoid

A
  • elevates mandible and moves mandible side to side
  • muscle of mastication
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14
Q

Lateral Pterygoid

A
  • elevates mandible and moves mandible side to side
  • muscle of mastication
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15
Q

Genioglossus

A

-protracts (protrudes) tongue

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16
Q

Styloglossus

A
  • retracts tongue
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17
Q

Hyoglossus

A

-depresses tongue

18
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A
  • each rotates head to one side, together: flex the head/neck
  • attaches to sternum, clavicle, and mastoid process
  • posterior neck muscle
19
Q

Splenius Capitis

A
  • each rotates head to one side, together: extend the head/neck
  • head bandage
  • posterior neck muscle
  • Sternocleidomastoid and Slenius Capitis work together to rotate head but they perform opposite functions regarding flexing or extending the neck
20
Q

Digastric

A
  • elevates hyoid
  • depresses mandible
  • suprahyoid muscle
  • anterior neck muscle
21
Q

Stylohyoid

A
  • elevates hyoid bone
  • suprahyoid muscle
  • anterior neck muscle
22
Q

Mylohyoid

A
  • elevates hyoid and raises floor of mouth
  • suprahyoid muscle
  • anterior neck muscle
23
Q

Geniohyoid

A
  • elevates hyoid bone
  • suprahyoid muscle
  • anterior neck muscle
24
Q

Sternohyoid

A
  • depresses hyoid
  • infrahyoid muscle
  • anterior neck muscle
25
Q

Omohyoid

A
  • depresses hyoid
  • infrahyoid muscle
  • anterior neck muscle
26
Q

Sternothyroid

A
  • depresses thyroid cartilage (not bone)
  • infrahyoid muscle
  • anterior neck muscle
27
Q

Thyrohyoid

A
  • depresses hyoid and raises thyroid cartilage
  • infrahyoid muscle
  • anterior neck muscle
28
Q

Superficial Back Muscles

A

-move the scapula and humerus

29
Q

Quadratus Lumborum

A
  • together: extend lumbar vertebral column
  • unilaterally: each laterally flexes vert column
  • deep back muscle
30
Q

Erector Spinae Group of Muscles

A
  • Extend vertebral column
  • Consists of:
    a. Iliocostalis: lateral
    b. longissimus: intermediate
    c. spinalis: medial
  • deep back muscles
31
Q

Superficial Thorax Muscles

A

-move upper limb, not ribs

32
Q

Deep Thorax Muscles

A

-respiration muscles

33
Q

Diaphragm

A
  • contraction pulls the central portion down, increasing vertical dimensions of thorax
  • deep thorax muscle
34
Q

External Intercostals

A
  • elevate ribs during inhalation
  • fibers run inferomedially
  • deep thorax muscle
35
Q

Internal Intercostals

A
  • depress ribs during exhalation
  • fibers run inferolaterally
  • deep thorax muscle
36
Q

External Abdominal Oblique

A
  • bilaterally flex vertebral column andcompress abdominal wall
  • unilaterally: lateral flexion of vertebral column
  • fibers run inferomedially
  • similar to external intercostals
37
Q

Internal Abdominal Oblique

A
  • bilaterally: flex vertebral column and compress abdominal wall
  • unilaterally: lateral flexion of vertebral column
  • fibers run inferolaterally
  • similar to inferior intercostals
38
Q

Transversus Abdominus

A
  • bilaterally: flex vertebral column and compress abdominal wall
  • unilaterally:laterally flexes vertebral column
39
Q

Rectus Abdominus

A
  • flex vertebral column and compress abdominal wall
  • straight fibers
40
Q

Muscles of the Pelvic Floor and Perineum

A
  • close inferior opening of pelvis
    - support the pelvic organs
  • assist with defecation, voluntary part of urination, and childbirth

Anatomy A-215 (24 decks)

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