Exam 2: Diencephalon Flashcards
1
Q
Diencephalon
A
- a brain subdivision completely surrounded by cerebrum
- superior to mesencephalon (midbrain)
- pituitary gland attaches to it
2
Q
Epithalamus
A
-very posterior aspect of diencephalon
3
Q
Third Ventricle
A
- deep to thalamus, epithalamus, and hypothalamus
- thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus form its floor, walls and roof
- space in diencephalon
- produces CSF
4
Q
Thalamus
A
- bulk of diancephalon
- two oval masses of gray matter, covered with white matter
- function: relay point and processing center for cell sensory impulses (except olfaction) running to cerebrum
- also act as sensory information filter
5
Q
Pineal Gland
A
- part of epithalamus
- produces melatonin
- function: regulates circadian rhythms (24 hour body clock) through release of melatonin
- hypothalamus oversees pineal gland and tells it when to secrete
- melatonin levels are HIGHER at night, LOWER during the day.
6
Q
No thalamus?
A
-sensory overload for cerebrum’s interpretation of sensory stimuli.
7
Q
Hypothalamus
A
- -below thalamus
- president of ANS and Endocrine System
- functions: autonomic nervous system control center, endocrine system control center, produces two hormones which are secreted by the posterior pituitary (oxytocin and ADH), and hormones that regulate hormonal secretion of the anterior pituitary
8
Q
Teenagers Melatonin Levels
A
- tend to rise later at night than adults.
- why they stay up late and are sleepy in the morning
9
Q
Endocrine System
A
-secretes hormones into the bloodstream
10
Q
Oxytocin
A
-for reproductive system
11
Q
ADH
A
- antidiuretic hormone
- tells kidneys to concentrate urint (decrease water content)
- secreted when you’re dehydrated
12
Q
Body Temperature Regulation
A
- function of hypothalamus
- senses temperature of blood in blood vessels traveling through hypothalamus.
- temp too high, body will release excess heat (sweating)
- if too low, body will conserve heat (shivering)
13
Q
Water and Electrolyte Balance
A
- function of hypothalamus
- electrolyte-ions and molecules that can carry an electric current (Na+ and K+)
- thirst center
- examines blood in blood vessels for water/electrolyte balance
14
Q
Regulation of hunger/food intake
A
- function of hypothalamus
- hunger or feeding center
- satiety center
- examines blood glucose levels
15
Q
Regulation of Sleep-Wake Cycles
A
- function of hypothalamus
- will regulate the pineal gland’s secreation of melatonin
- upon exposure to light, hypothalamus increases body temperature and tells pineal gland to decrease melatonin secretion
- opposite happens for dark
