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Histo (VM1 Fall) > Exam 2 - Lecture 16 (Nervous Tissue) > Flashcards

Exam 2 - Lecture 16 (Nervous Tissue) Flashcards

1
Q

What does the CNS consist of?

A

Brain & spinal cord

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2
Q

What does the PNS consist of?

A

Cranial & spinal nerves

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3
Q

What are the 3 nervous systems?

A
  1. CNS
  2. PNS
  3. ANS
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4
Q

What are the 3 main parts of the brain?

A
  1. Cerebellum
  2. Cerebrum
  3. Brain stem
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5
Q

What is the meninges?

A

C.t. sheath (3 layers) that encloses the CNS.

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6
Q

What are the 3 layers of meninges?

A
  1. Dura mater (outer)
  2. Arachnoid (middle)
  3. Pia mater (inner)
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7
Q

What makes up the leptomeninges?

A

Pia mater + arachnoid

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8
Q

What is the subarachnoid space?

A

Space between arachnoid and pia mater

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9
Q

What circulates within the subarachnoid space?

A

CSF

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10
Q

What is CSF similar to?

A

intercellular fluid

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11
Q

What are the components of the CNS that project out of the white matter?

A
  1. Rootlets
  2. Dorsal root
  3. Dorsal root ganglion
  4. Ventral root
  5. Spinal nerve (paired)
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12
Q

Where is white vs. grey matter in the CNS (NOT brain)?

A

Grey matter = inside

White matter = outside

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13
Q

Where is white vs. grey matter in the brain (cerebrum)?

A

Grey matter = outside

White matter = inside

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14
Q

What are the “granules” in the CNS that stain purple?

A

Nissl substance in the cytoplasm of neurons (stained with Nissl stain)

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15
Q

What are the 2 functions of the CSF?

A
  1. Protection

2. Maintain chemical stability of the CNS

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16
Q

What color is CSF?

A

clear

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17
Q

What are two examples of problems that can be associated with the meninges?

A
  1. Meningitis

2. Meningioma

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18
Q

What is meningitis?

A

Inflammatory disease; can be caused by bacteria, visrus, mycosis, etc.

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19
Q

What are symptoms of meningitis?

A

Cervical pain and fever

20
Q

What type of infection is meningitis?

A

Secondary infection to the CNS

21
Q

Is meningitis contagious?

A

YES

22
Q

What is meningioma?

A

Primary brain tumor

23
Q

In what species are meningiomas common?

A

Dogs older than 10 yrs (40% of all canine primary brain tumors)

24
Q

What cells are found in gray matter?

A

Neurons and neuroglia

25
Q

What cells are found in white matter?

A

Neuroglia ONLY

26
Q

Where are neurons found?

A

gray matter

27
Q

When do neurons stop dividing?

A

3-4 months after birth

28
Q

What type of cells are neurons and what do they generate?

A

excitable; generate APs

29
Q

What are the 3 main parts of a neuron?

A
  1. Cell body
  2. Dendrites
  3. Axon
30
Q

What 2 things are found in the cell body of a neuron?

A
  1. Nucleus (nucleolus)

2. Cytoplasm (Nissl substance)

31
Q

What is Nissl substance made of?

A

RER and ribosomes

32
Q

How many axons does each neuron have?

A

1

33
Q

What are the 3 classifications of neurons?

A
  1. Multipolar
  2. Bipolar
  3. Unipolar
34
Q

What are the functions of multipolar neurons?

A

sensory and motor

35
Q

What is the function of bipolar neurons?

A

sensory

36
Q

What is the function of unipolar neurons?

A

sensory

37
Q

What is the structure of multipolar neurons?

A

One axon, multiple dendrites coming from cell body (multiple processes)

38
Q

What is the structure of bipolar neurons?

A

Cell body with 1 dendrite at one end and one axon at the other (2 processes)

39
Q

What is the structure of unipolar neurons?

A

Cell body with one axon from end to end (1 process)

40
Q

Where are motor neurons found?

A

ventral horn

41
Q

Where are sensory neurons found?

A

dorsal horn

42
Q

What is the area between the ventral and dorsal horns called?

A

intermediate substance

43
Q

Where is the dorsal root ganglion?

A

Dorsal horn just before it merges with the ventral horn

44
Q

Where are the cell bodies of sensory neurons found?

A

In the dorsal root ganglion of the dorsal horn

45
Q

What are perikaryon?

A

Neuronal cell bodies

46
Q

What are dendrites?

A

Projection from the soma of the neuron

47
Q

What are axons?

A

Long projection from the soma of the neuron that conducts APs away from the cell body

Histo (VM1 Fall) (27 decks)

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