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5032 - OB/Peds > Exam 2 - Fetal Surveillance > Flashcards

Exam 2 - Fetal Surveillance Flashcards

1
Q

the two methods for fetal surveillance are ___ and ___

A

fetal heart rate; uterine activity recording

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2
Q

you can monitor fetal heart rate with ___ or ____

A

intermittent auscultation; continuous electronic FHR

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3
Q

____ tracks external uterine contractions

A

External tocodynamometer or pressure transducer aka “toco”

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4
Q

internal uterine activity recording is done with ____

A

intrauterine pressure catheter

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5
Q

the best place for the toco is the ___

A

top of fundus

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6
Q

the transducer for FHR should be placed ____ for best reading

A

over fetal back

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7
Q

internal way to monitor baby’s HR

A

internal fetal scalp electrode

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8
Q

name 3 reasons we would use an internal fetal scalp electrode

A

(1) pt is moving
(2) pt’s body
(3) not able to pick up baby clearly based on position

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9
Q

____ is monitor that passes through the vagina and attaches to the scalp of the baby

A

internal fetal scalp electrode

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10
Q

internal way to measure contractions

A

Intrauterine pressure catheter (IUPC)

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11
Q

Flexible thin tube sits alongside the baby and has a small balloon

A

intrauterine pressure catheter

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12
Q

IUPC can measure the ___ of the contraction

A

strength

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13
Q

name the 2 key purposes of fetal heart rate tracings

A

(1) identify reassuring signs of fetal well-being
(2) screen for non-reassuring signs of a fetus who is at risk

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14
Q

on FHR tracings, the top shows ___ and the bottom shows ___

A

HR; contractions

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15
Q

average FHR during a 10-minute window is the

A

baseline fetal HR

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16
Q

fetal bradycardia is

A

<110 bpm

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17
Q

normal FHR is

A

110-160 bpm

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18
Q

fetal tachycardia is

A

> 160 bpm

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19
Q

____ are fluctuations in baseline FHR

A

variability

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20
Q

absent variability means ___

A

absent / amplitude undetectable

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21
Q

minimal variability means

A

amplitude change of 0-5 bpm

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22
Q

moderate variability means

A

amplitude change of 6-25 bpm

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23
Q

marked variability means

A

amplitude change of >25 bpm

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24
Q

moderate variability indicates what?

A

well-oxygenated fetus with functioning autonomic nervous system

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25
minimal or absent variability may indicate what?
hypoxia or acidemia
26
marked variability suggests what?
acute hypoxia or mechanical compression of the umbilical cord
27
marked variability is often seen during ____ stage of labor
second
28
Temporary increases in the FHR from baseline of at least 15 bpm, lasting for at least 15 seconds.
accelerations
29
a gradual decrease and return to baseline associated w/ a contraction
early deceleration
30
nadir means
lowest point
31
in an early decel nadir of decel happens at the same time as ____
peak of contraction
32
early decels are usually due to ____
head compression during labor
33
in an early decel, onset to nadir is ____
>30 seconds
34
the only type of decel that we are not concerned about is
early decel
35
gradual decrease and return to baseline associated with a contraction
late deceleration
36
in a late decel, the nadir of the decel occurs ____ the peak of contraction
after
37
late decels may indicate
placental insufficiency
38
generally, ____ decels are concerning
late
39
an abrupt decrease below baseline. The decrease is >=15 bpm (to Nadir) lasting >=15 seconds and <2 min from onset to return to baseline
variable deceleration
40
variable decels are ____ in FHR d/t ____
abrupt drops; umbilical cord compression
41
which type of decelerations is not directly tied to contractions?
variable
42
a decrease in FHR below the baseline
prolonged deceleration
43
Decrease in fetal heart rate is 15 bpm or more and lasts for at least 2 mins but less than 10 mins from onset to return to baseline
prolonged deceleration
44
name 4 causes of prolonged decelerations
(1) labor progressing quickly (2) pt getting epidural (3) sudden position change (4) baby has sudden position change
45
_____ decelerations can turn into an emergency C-section
prolonged
46
VEAL is an acronym to describe ____
fetal heart rate pattern
47
CHOP is an acronym to describe ____
causes of of FHR pattern
48
what does VEAL CHOP stand for?
V = variable decels E = early decels A = accelerations L = late decels C = cord compression H = head compression O = okay P = placental insufficiency
49
_____ are Quantified as the number of contractions present in a 10-min window averaged over 30 mins
uterine contractions
50
what is the interval for normal contractions?
< or = 5 contractions in 10 mins, averaged over 30 mins
51
excessive contractions
tachysystole
52
tachysystole is ___ contractions in 10 min
>5
53
Name 3 nursing interventions for someone in tachysystole
(1) maternal repositioning (2) fluid bolus (3) discontinue oxytocin / other contraction stimulators
54
from the start of the increase of a contraction to back in the resting tone is ____
duration
55
time between the start of one contraction to the start of the next is
frequency
56
category I / normal FHR pattern includes:
(1) normal baseline (2) moderate variable FHR (3) no late or variable decels (4) early decels present or absent
57
category II / intermediate FHR pattern includes:
(1) minimal variability (2) marked variability (3) one prolonged decel ...many others
58
which category of FHR pattern is common in L&D?
category II
59
name 3 things we do to intervene in category II.
(1) IV fluid bolus (2) maternal repositioning (3) discontinue oxytocin/pitocin
60
category III / abnormal FHR pattern includes:
absent variability AND (1) recurrent late decels (2) recurrent variable decels (3) bradycardia (4) sinusoidal pattern

5032 - OB/Peds (30 decks)

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