exam 2 class 17 did not finish slide deck

Question 1

chyme entering the small intestine has undergone relatively?

Answer 1

little chemical digestion, controlled flow through pyrrolic sphincter

Question 2

Intestinal contents are slowly propelled forward by?

Answer 2

segmental and peristaltic contractions

Question 3

Parasympathetic innervation and the GI hormones gastrin and CCK
promote? what inhibits it?

Answer 3

intestinal motility
sympathetic innervation- part of your brain that is not active

Question 4

has fingerlike villi and deep crypts

Answer 4

surface of lumen

Question 5

most absorption

Answer 5

villi

Question 6

fluid hormone secretion and cell renewal from stem cells

Answer 6

crypts

Question 7

Surface of the intestinal epithelium is called the?

Answer 7

brush border

Question 8

Most nutrients absorbed move into capillaries in the
villi for distribution through the?

Answer 8

circulatory system

Question 9

fats pass into?

Answer 9

lacteals of the lymphatic system

Question 10

transport nutrients and ions

Answer 10

enterocytes

Question 11

transport most absorbed nutrients

Answer 11

capillaries

Question 12

secrete mucus

Answer 12

goblet cells

Question 13

transport most fat to the lymph

Answer 13

lacteals

Question 14

divide to replace damaged cells

Answer 14

stem cells

Question 15

secrete ions and water

Answer 15

crypt cells

Question 16

secrete hormones

Answer 16

endocrine cells

Question 17

where does venous blood from the GI tract go?

Answer 17

hepatic portal system

Question 18

specialized region of
circulation has two sets of
capillary beds:

Answer 18

-one that picks up absorbed nutrients at the intestine
-another that delivers the nutrients directly to the liver

Question 19

hepatocytes contain enzymes called?

Answer 19

cytochrome P450

Question 20

metabolize drugs and xenobiotics and clear them from the bloodstream before they reach systemic
circulation

Answer 20

Hepatocytes

Question 21

5.5 liters of food, fluid, and secretions enter small intestine each day, +
~3.5 liters of hepatic, pancreatic, and intestinal secretions are added
there, =?

Answer 21

9 liters into lumen

Question 22

integrated function

Answer 22

• digestive enzymes
• bile
• biocarbonate
• mucus
  -NaCl

Question 23

intestinal epithelium and exocrine pancreas. Intestinal brush
border enzymes are anchored to luminal cell membranes. Stimulation of vagus nerve enhances enzyme secretion

Answer 23

Digestive enzymes

Question 24

made in liver and released from gall bladder is a nonenzymatic solution that
facilitates digestion of fats

Answer 24

Bile:

Question 25

neutralizes highly acidic chyme that enters from stomach. Most__________ comes from pancreas and is released in response to neural stimuli and secretin

Answer 25

Bicarbonate

Question 26

from intestinal goblet cells protects epithelium and lubricates the gut’s contents.

Answer 26

Mucus:

Question 27

isotonic solution mixes with mucus to help lubricant contents of the gut

Answer 27

NaCl

Question 28

Crypt cells in small intestine and colon secrete?

Answer 28

isotonic NaCl

Question 29

Pancreas contains 2 types of secretory epithelium:

Answer 29

endocrine and exocrine

Question 30

Endocrine secretions: islets

Answer 30

hormones insulin and glucagon

Question 31

Exocrine portion secrete?

Answer 31

digestive enzymes and a watery solution of sodium bicarbonate

Question 32

converts inactive trypsinogen to active trypsin

Answer 32

Brush border
enteropeptidase