exam 2 c/p

Question 1

energy equation

Answer 1

E = hf

Question 2

frequency equation

Answer 2

f = c/wavelength

Question 3

equation for moving between two energy orbitals

Answer 3

E = -Rh ((1/nf^2) - (1/ni^2))

Question 4

Compute the following ratio:

Answer 4

100 x 10^-6 / 2x10^-9

Question 5

Kcat equation

Answer 5

kcat = Vmax / [ET]

kcat = turnover number
Vmax = maximum reaction rate
Et = given enzyme concentration

Question 6

Silica gel

Answer 6

POLAR absorbant. Those with higher polarity will travel slower

Question 7

half life of a radioactive material is

Answer 7

the time it takes for half of all the radioactive nuclei to decay into their daughter nuclei

Question 8

torque

Answer 8

t = F * d * sin

Question 9

tertiary structure

Answer 9

3D combo of a-helices and b-sheets that fold next to each other

Question 10

What exhibits an electronic excited state that is closer in energy to the ground state?

Answer 10

an aromatic side chain as opposed to a peptide bond. Aromatic side chains have lower energy due to longer wavelengths.
Peptide bonds have higher energy due to shorter wavelengths.

Question 11

which amino acids are charged with a + or a -?

Answer 11

-

Question 12

Where do phosphoryl transfers by kinases come from on ATP?

Answer 12

Gamma32P - ATP

Question 13

venturi effect

Answer 13

P air = P + ((ρv^2) / 2)

Oxygen pressure is the sum of the oxygen static pressure (P) and the oxygen flow pressure ρv^2 / 2.
Venturi effect is when static pressure of the air is larger than the static pressure of the oxygen in flow. (venturi mask)

Question 14

What causes duplex DNA with a lower ratio of AT : GC to melt at a higher temperature?

Answer 14

increased pi- stacking strength.
GC base pairs form stronger pi-stacking interactions than AT, creating most thermal stability. Therefore, higher GC content increases melting temp.

Question 15

Relative vapor pressure

Answer 15

Boiling point of a substance will give the best estimate of its relative vapor pressure.

Question 16

Structural features possessed by storage lipids?

Answer 16

three fatty acids ester linked to a single glycerol
(triglycerols)

Question 17

sphingosine

Answer 17

18-C amino alcohol with an unsaturated hydrocarbon chain. Primary part of sphingolipids, cell membrane lipid that includes sphinomyelin

Question 18

Hydrogen oxidation

Answer 18

+1

Question 19

Oxygen oxidation

Answer 19

-2

Question 20

Red Cat, An Ox

Answer 20

Red Cat: reduced at the cathode
An Ox: Oxidized at the anode

Question 21

Boyle’s law

Answer 21

P1V1 = P2V2

Question 22

Charles’s law

Answer 22

V1/T1 = V2/T2

Question 23

Heisenbergs principle

Answer 23

We cannot know both the position and speed of a particle, such as a photon or electron with perfect accuracy

Question 24

Le chateliers principle

Answer 24

change in chemical equilibria

Question 25

Lewis base vs lewis acid

Answer 25

Lewis acid: electron acceptor Lewis Base: Electron donor

Question 26

If something has a lone pair of electrons it may act as a

Answer 26

Lewis Base: electron donor

Question 27

Kf larger than 1

Answer 27

Kf larger than 1 will mean that delta G is negative, and the reaction is spontaneous. If the Kf is smaller than 1, G will be positive and reaction will not be spontanetous

Question 28

Ionic bond

Answer 28

Bond between a metal and a nonmetal, preferential to bonds with higher differences of electronegativities.

Question 29

covalent bond

Answer 29

formed between two non metals

Question 30

coordinate covalent bond

Answer 30

also known as a dipolar bond, is a kind of two center, two electron covalent bond in which two electrons derive from the same atom. AAMC def: Lewis acid/base interaction between a metal cation and an electron pair donor is known as a coordinate covalent bond.

Question 31

How to determine smaller second ionization energy

Answer 31

Metals have lower ionization energies than nonmetals. One valence electron: larger 2nd ionization energy More than one: lower 2nd ionization energy

Question 32

Mass % equation

Answer 32

Mass % = mass of element / total mass x 100

Question 33

Henderson hasselbach equation

Answer 33

pH = pKa + log ([base] / [acid]).

Question 34

Ksp equation

Answer 34

Ksp = [A+]^a [B-]^b A = Cation in solution B = anion in solution a,b = concentrations

Question 35

systolic

Answer 35

Blood flow starts at systolic, cannot be heard when the pressure of a cuff is greater than the systolic pressure.

Question 36

Hess's law

Answer 36

H net = the sum of the change in enthalpy reactions

Question 37

What is stp?

Answer 37

1 MOL EQUIVALENT ex: 4 moles of nitroglycerin produces 6 moles N2. therefore, at stp, 1 mol nitroglycerin produces 1.5 mol N2

Question 38

Power equation

Answer 38

P = PE/t = mgh / t

Question 39

decimal log

Answer 39

think of it as the amount of zeros. Ex: 20 = 100 (2 zeros) 30 = 1000 (three zeros) etc

Question 40

diverging LENS

Answer 40

negative focal length. forms a virtual and reduced image

Question 41

order of energy conversions in a circuit

Answer 41

chemical to electrical to thermal

Question 42

protein secondary structure

Answer 42

backbone amide protons and carbonyl oxygen

Question 43

resistors in parallel

Answer 43

1/R = 1/R1 + 1/R2