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aamc exams > exam 2 b/b > Flashcards

exam 2 b/b Flashcards

1
Q

pyrimidine

A

CT, ONE RING STRUCTURE

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2
Q

purine

A

AG TWO RING STRUCTURE

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3
Q

cystine

A

contains a sulfhydryl group

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4
Q

lysosome

A

when a macrophage ingests material, it becomes trapped in a phagosome, which then fuses with a lysosome to form a phagolysosome. This is where enzymes digest the object.

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5
Q

golgi apparatus

A

proteins from the ER are either transported, modified, and packed into vesicles for delivery to target destinations

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6
Q

Endoplasmic reticulum

A

Ca2+ storage, protein synthesis and lipid metabolism

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7
Q

active transport

A

movement of charged ions against their concentration gradient.

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8
Q

high isoelectric points

A

indicate a positive charge at physiological pH (basic)

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9
Q

nuclear localization sequence

A

short stretch of amino acids that mediated the transport of nuclear proteins into the nucleus

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10
Q

GAPDH

A

catalyzes the reversible conversion of G3P to 1,3Bisphosphoglycerate

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11
Q

Vasopressin

A

regulates the fusion of aquaporins with the apical membranes of the collecting duct epithelial cells.

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12
Q

microglia

A

immune cells of the brain.

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13
Q

astrocyte

A

subtype of glial cell, majority of cells in CNS. Perform metabolic, structural, homeostatic and neuroprotective tasks

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14
Q

schwann cells

A

myelin forming cells in the PNS

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15
Q

oligodendrocytes

A

production of myelin in CNS

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16
Q

Blood from the small intestine is transported first to…

A

the liver in order to have toxins removed.

17
Q

determine percentage increase

A

total percentage / initial percentage. The numbers after the decimal will indicate the percent increase

18
Q

endosomes

A

involved in the internalization of particles through endocytosis

19
Q

proteases

A

digest proteins into smaller fragments

20
Q

citric acid cycle products

A

Can I Keep Selling Sex For Money Officer
citrate, isocitrate, a-ketoglutaratem, succinyl co-a, succinate, matale, oxaloate

21
Q

motor proteins

A

move along microfilaments through interaction with actin.

22
Q

tubulin

A

protein that forms long chains that form microtubules

23
Q

actin

A

protein that forms (w myosin) contractile filaments of muscle cells, involved in motion in other types of cells/

24
Q

centrosomes

A

area of microtubule origin

25
Q

kinetochores

A

where the spindle fibers attach during cell division to pull chromatids apart

26
Q

cytotoxic t lymphocytes

A

target virus infected cells by recognizing the viral antigen presented on the cell surface.

27
Q

role of atp in muscle contraction

A

ATP is required to break the bonds between the actin filament and the myosin head.

28
Q

How does adding a reducing agent to an SDS PAGE allow for further migration

A

breaks the disulfide bonds which allows monomers to run separately

29
Q

saponification

A

breaking down esters into its components.
3 OH- molecules can break down a triglyceride into one glycerol and three fatty acid salts. Fatty acid salts used in soap! Na+ , carboxylic acid and fatty acid tail.

30
Q

phospholipids

A

one of the three fatty acid chains is a polar head group, which is a phosphate.

31
Q

sphingolipid

A

derived from sphinogsine, fatty acid residue bonded to sphingosine amine group.
Ceramides
glycosphingosine

32
Q

sphingomyelin

A

cluster in lipid rafts, plays a role in biosignaling

33
Q

waxes

A

composed of a mixture of lipids
produced by plants and animals
hydrophobic

34
Q

cholesterol

A

precursor for steroids
four fused ring structure

35
Q

Eicosanoids

A

signaling lipids
prostaglandins: pain and inflammation
thromboxanes: platelets, clotting, 20 C structure

36
Q

terpenes and terpenoids

A

derived from isoprene
vitamin A
cholesterol is derived

37
Q

lipid soluble vitamins

A

A,D,E,K

aamc exams (14 decks)

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