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Bio 111 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

enzymes do what to the activation energy of a particular reaction?

A

lower activation energy

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2
Q

in which binding site will a competitive inhibitor bind?

A

active site

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3
Q

what would be the net result of a competitive inhibitor binding to the active site?

A

loss in enzyme function

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4
Q

how many NET ATP are made directly during pyruvate oxidation?

A

none

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5
Q

what role does oxygen play in aerobic cellular respiration?

A

final electron acceptor

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6
Q

what is the summary chemical equation for aerobic respiration?

A

C6H12O6 + 6O2 —> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

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7
Q

in which step(s) of aerobic respiration is CO2 produced?

A

pyruvate oxidation and Kreb’s cycle

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8
Q

by which method is ATP synthesized during the Kreb’s cycle?

A

substrate level phosphorylation

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9
Q

what is the relationship of wavelength to energy?

A

the shorter the wavelength the higher the energy

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10
Q

how many molecules of ATP are generated during the Kreb’s cycle per molecule of glucose?

A

2

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11
Q

is oxygen released during the light dependent or the light independent phase of photosynthesis?

A

light dependent

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12
Q 
1.  Reactions that require the input of energy are called             reactions.
A. reduction 
B.  exergonic
C.  catabolic
D.  oxidative
E.  endergonic
A

E. Endergonic

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13
Q 
Enzymes have specific                        with which they interact
A.  products
B.  substrates
C.  catalysts
D.  atoms
E.  bonds
A

B. Substrates

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14
Q

inorganic nonprotein components that are required as part of certain enzymatic reactions are known as?

A

cofactors, usually metal ions

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15
Q

when an atom or molecule gains one or more electrons, it is said to be?

A

reduced

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16
Q

as energy is being converted through many forms, it is continuously lost as?

A

heat

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17
Q

an electron carrier used during oxidation of glucose molecules is?

A

NADH

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18
Q

reactions that result in the breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones are called?

A

catabolic

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19
Q

in the absence of oxygen, hydrogen atoms generated during glycolysis are donated to organic molecules in a process called?

A

fermentation

20
Q

chemiosmotic generation of ATP is driven by?

A

a difference in H+ concentration on the two sides of the mitochondrial inner membrane

21
Q

a process common to all living organisms is

A

glycolysis

22
Q

the enzymes catalyzing the reactions of pyruvate oxidation are found in the?

A

mitochondria

23
Q

in the cyclic reaction sequence of aerobic respiration, all of the following events take place except?
A. Coenzyme A is liberated
B. the resulting 6 carbon molecule is oxidized
C. electrons are used to produce NADH
D. 2 carbons per cycle are used to form CO2
E. pyruvate molecules are regenerated for re-use in the cycle

A

E.

24
Q

carbon atoms from CO2 are incorporated into organic molecules in a series of light independent reactions called?

A

carbon fixation

25
Q

flattened sacs of internal membranes associated with photosynthesis are called?

A

thylakoids

26
Q

visible light has a wavelength of roughly?

A

400-700nm

27
Q

in the light independent reactions of photosynthesis, CO2 is added to a 5 carbon sugar known as?

A

ribulose bisphosphate

28
Q

chlorophyll b absorbs light with some of the wavelengths that chlorophyll a does not use. in this respect, chlorophyll b acts as?

A

an accessory pigment

29
Q

what happens in both cellular respiration and the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

A

chemiosmotic formation of ATP

30
Q

how many revolutions of the calvin cycle are required to produce one molecule of glucose?

A

6

31
Q

in which part of the chloroplast are the calvin cycle enzymes located?

A

stroma

32
Q

in which step of the oxidation of glucose is FADH2 generated?

A

Kreb’s cycle

33
Q

how many NADH are generated during the complete oxidation of a glucose molecule?

A

10

34
Q

a black surface appears black because?

A

all wavelengths of visible light are absorbed

35
Q

in which steps of respiration is ATP generated by substrate level phosphorylation?

A

glycolysis and Kreb’s cycle

36
Q

how many NET ATP are produced by glycolysis of anaerobic respiration?

A

2

37
Q

in anaerobic respiration, the initial step in the oxidation of glucose occurs in which cellular compartment of prokaryotic cells?

A

cytoplasm

38
Q

where is NADPH generated?

A

light dependent reaction of photosynthesis

39
Q

how many ATP are generated during the oxidation of one pyruvate molecule?

A

1

40
Q 
Acetyl-CoA is bound to which of the following at the beginning of the Calvin cycle?
A.  oxaloacetate
B.  ribulose bi-phosphate (RuBP)
C.  carbon dioxide
D.  oxygen
E.  none of the above
A

E. none of the above

41
Q

at the conclusion of an enzyme catalyzed reaction, the enzyme ___?

A

frees itself from the product and is ready to be reused

42
Q

in green plant photosynthesis, the electron donor for the light dependent reaction is?

A

water

43
Q

the sites where molecules other than substrates bind to an enzyme to alter its activity are called ____?

A

allosteric

44
Q

the regulation of a biochemical pathway often involves the end product binding to the first enzyme in the sequence. this kind of regulation is called?

A

feedback inhibition

45
Q

a type of membrane transport in which fluid droplets are engulfed by the membrane which then form a vesicle containing the fluid is called?

A

pinocytosis

46
Q

pinocytosis is active or passive?

A

active transport (energy requiring)

Bio 111 (17 decks)

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