Exam 2

Question 1

enzymes do what to the activation energy of a particular reaction?

Answer 1

lower activation energy

Question 2

in which binding site will a competitive inhibitor bind?

Answer 2

active site

Question 3

what would be the net result of a competitive inhibitor binding to the active site?

Answer 3

loss in enzyme function

Question 4

how many NET ATP are made directly during pyruvate oxidation?

Answer 4

none

Question 5

what role does oxygen play in aerobic cellular respiration?

Answer 5

final electron acceptor

Question 6

what is the summary chemical equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 6

C6H12O6 + 6O2 —> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

Question 7

in which step(s) of aerobic respiration is CO2 produced?

Answer 7

pyruvate oxidation and Kreb’s cycle

Question 8

by which method is ATP synthesized during the Kreb’s cycle?

Answer 8

substrate level phosphorylation

Question 9

what is the relationship of wavelength to energy?

Answer 9

the shorter the wavelength the higher the energy

Question 10

how many molecules of ATP are generated during the Kreb’s cycle per molecule of glucose?

Answer 10

2

Question 11

is oxygen released during the light dependent or the light independent phase of photosynthesis?

Answer 11

light dependent

Question 12

1.  Reactions that require the input of energy are called             reactions.
A. reduction 
B.  exergonic
C.  catabolic
D.  oxidative
E.  endergonic

Answer 12

E. Endergonic

Question 13

Enzymes have specific                        with which they interact
A.  products
B.  substrates
C.  catalysts
D.  atoms
E.  bonds

Answer 13

B. Substrates

Question 14

inorganic nonprotein components that are required as part of certain enzymatic reactions are known as?

Answer 14

cofactors, usually metal ions

Question 15

when an atom or molecule gains one or more electrons, it is said to be?

Answer 15

reduced

Question 16

as energy is being converted through many forms, it is continuously lost as?

Answer 16

heat

Question 17

an electron carrier used during oxidation of glucose molecules is?

Answer 17

NADH

Question 18

reactions that result in the breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones are called?

Answer 18

catabolic

Question 19

in the absence of oxygen, hydrogen atoms generated during glycolysis are donated to organic molecules in a process called?

Answer 19

fermentation

Question 20

chemiosmotic generation of ATP is driven by?

Answer 20

a difference in H+ concentration on the two sides of the mitochondrial inner membrane

Question 21

a process common to all living organisms is

Answer 21

glycolysis

Question 22

the enzymes catalyzing the reactions of pyruvate oxidation are found in the?

Answer 22

mitochondria

Question 23

in the cyclic reaction sequence of aerobic respiration, all of the following events take place except?
A. Coenzyme A is liberated
B. the resulting 6 carbon molecule is oxidized
C. electrons are used to produce NADH
D. 2 carbons per cycle are used to form CO2
E. pyruvate molecules are regenerated for re-use in the cycle

Answer 23

E.

Question 24

carbon atoms from CO2 are incorporated into organic molecules in a series of light independent reactions called?

Answer 24

carbon fixation

Question 25

flattened sacs of internal membranes associated with photosynthesis are called?

Answer 25

thylakoids

Question 26

visible light has a wavelength of roughly?

Answer 26

400-700nm

Question 27

in the light independent reactions of photosynthesis, CO2 is added to a 5 carbon sugar known as?

Answer 27

ribulose bisphosphate

Question 28

chlorophyll b absorbs light with some of the wavelengths that chlorophyll a does not use. in this respect, chlorophyll b acts as?

Answer 28

an accessory pigment

Question 29

what happens in both cellular respiration and the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

Answer 29

chemiosmotic formation of ATP

Question 30

how many revolutions of the calvin cycle are required to produce one molecule of glucose?

Answer 30

6

Question 31

in which part of the chloroplast are the calvin cycle enzymes located?

Answer 31

stroma

Question 32

in which step of the oxidation of glucose is FADH2 generated?

Answer 32

Kreb's cycle

Question 33

how many NADH are generated during the complete oxidation of a glucose molecule?

Answer 33

10

Question 34

a black surface appears black because?

Answer 34

all wavelengths of visible light are absorbed

Question 35

in which steps of respiration is ATP generated by substrate level phosphorylation?

Answer 35

glycolysis and Kreb's cycle

Question 36

how many NET ATP are produced by glycolysis of anaerobic respiration?

Answer 36

2

Question 37

in anaerobic respiration, the initial step in the oxidation of glucose occurs in which cellular compartment of prokaryotic cells?

Answer 37

cytoplasm

Question 38

where is NADPH generated?

Answer 38

light dependent reaction of photosynthesis

Question 39

how many ATP are generated during the oxidation of one pyruvate molecule?

Answer 39

1

Question 40

``` Acetyl-CoA is bound to which of the following at the beginning of the Calvin cycle? A. oxaloacetate B. ribulose bi-phosphate (RuBP) C. carbon dioxide D. oxygen E. none of the above ```

Answer 40

E. none of the above

Question 41

at the conclusion of an enzyme catalyzed reaction, the enzyme ___?

Answer 41

frees itself from the product and is ready to be reused

Question 42

in green plant photosynthesis, the electron donor for the light dependent reaction is?

Answer 42

water

Question 43

the sites where molecules other than substrates bind to an enzyme to alter its activity are called ____?

Answer 43

allosteric

Question 44

the regulation of a biochemical pathway often involves the end product binding to the first enzyme in the sequence. this kind of regulation is called?

Answer 44

feedback inhibition

Question 45

a type of membrane transport in which fluid droplets are engulfed by the membrane which then form a vesicle containing the fluid is called?

Answer 45

pinocytosis

Question 46

pinocytosis is active or passive?

Answer 46

active transport (energy requiring)