Exam 1: Dr. Pruett Chapter 2

Question 1

What are the 3 major lineages of hematopoiesis?

Answer 1

Erythroid
Myeloid
Lymphoid

Question 2

What does the erythroid lineage produce?

Answer 2

Platelets and erythrocyte (blood)

Question 3

What does the myeloid lineage produce?

Answer 3

Neutrophil (blood)
Basophil (blood)
Eosinophil (blood)
Monocyte (blood)
Macrophage (tissue)
Dendritic cell (tissue)
Mast cell (tissue)

Question 4

What does the lymphoid lineage produce?

Answer 4

NK cell (blood)
T cell, blood (effector T cell, tissue)
B cell, blood (plasma cell, tissue)

Question 5

How can monitoring changes to hematopoiesis be achieved?

Answer 5

Complete blood cell counts

Observing changes in bone marrow aspirates

Question 6

What is the first cell type to arrive at the site of an infection from the blood?

Answer 6

Neutrophils

Question 7

What do dead neutrophils make up?

Answer 7

Pus

Question 8

What are the classifications of a neutrophil?

Answer 8

Granulocyte

Phagocyte

Question 9

What is the life-span of neutrophils?

Answer 9

48 to 72 hours

Question 10

What is the primary function of neutrophils?

Answer 10

Antimicrobial effectors, particularly in acute bacterial infection

Question 11

What is the mechanism of action for neutrophils?

Answer 11

Phagocytosis
Degranulation
Neutrophil extracellular trap formation

Question 12

What is the classification of an eosinophil?

Answer 12

Granulocyte

Question 13

What is the life span of eosinophils?

Answer 13

Days to weeks

Question 14

What is the primary function of eosinophils?

Answer 14

Antiparasitic effectors, particularly in helminthic infection
Some antiviral action
Roles in allergy

Question 15

What is the mechanism of action for eosinophils?

Answer 15

Degranulation

Limited phagocytosis

Question 16

What are eosinophils characterized by?

Answer 16

Pink granules

Question 17

What do the granules in eosinophils do?

Answer 17

Attract other cell types

Question 18

What is the classification of basophils?

Answer 18

Granulocyte

Question 19

What is the life span of basophils?

Answer 19

Days

Question 20

What is the primary function of basophils?

Answer 20

Mediator of inflammation

Question 21

What is the mechanism of action for basophils?

Answer 21

Degranulation

Question 22

What is the basophil characterized by?

Answer 22

Large, purple granules

Question 23

What is similar to basophils, but is in the tissues?

Answer 23

Mast cells

Question 24

What is the classification of mast cells?

Answer 24

Sentinel cells

Question 25

What is the location of mast cells?

Answer 25

Tissue

Question 26

What is the life span of mast cells?

Answer 26

Weeks to months

Question 27

What is the primary function of mast cells

Answer 27

Immune surveillance | Mediator and amplifier of inflammation and allergy

Question 28

What is the mechanism of action for mast cells?

Answer 28

Detection of threats and release of inflammatory mediators via degranulation or synthesis of lipid mediators and cytokines

Question 29

What is the classification of a NK cell?

Answer 29

Lymphocyte

Question 30

What is the life span of NK cells?

Answer 30

Weeks to months

Question 31

What is the primary function of NK cells?

Answer 31

Destruction of virally infected or abnormal host cells (including tumor cells)

Question 32

What is the mechanism of action for NK cells?

Answer 32

Recognition of virally infected or abnormal host cells and targeted release of cytotoxic granules

Question 33

What are innate-like lymphocytes used in?

Answer 33

Some therapeutic treatments

Question 34

What is an example of an innate-like lymphocyte?

Answer 34

NK cells

Question 35

What is the life span of monocytes?

Answer 35

Days

Question 36

What is the primary function of monocytes?

Answer 36

Precursors of macrophages and DCs

Question 37

What is the mechanism of action for monocytes?

Answer 37

Limited antimicrobial function in blood

Question 38

What type of cells are monocytes/macrophages?

Answer 38

Phagocytic cells

Question 39

Where do monocytes/macrophaes move within? What do they do specifically there?

Answer 39

Tissues | Detect and move to microbes

Question 40

What do monocytes/macrophages do?

Answer 40

Kill microbes and involved in tissue healing/remodeling

Question 41

What is the life span of macrophages?

Answer 41

Months

Question 42

What is the primary function of macrophages?

Answer 42

Immune surveillance, moderate antimicrobial capacity, limited antigen presentation

Question 43

What is the mechanism of action for macrophages?

Answer 43

Detection of threats and release of inflammatory mediators | Phagocytosis

Question 44

What is the life span of dendritic cells?

Answer 44

Months

Question 45

What is the primary function of dendritic cells?

Answer 45

Immune surveillance, antigen processing and presentation

Question 46

What is the mechanism of action for dendritic cells?

Answer 46

Detection of threats and release of inflammatory mediators | Endocytosis and phagocytosis

Question 47

What is the classification for monocytes?

Answer 47

Mononuclear phagocytes

Question 48

What are the classifications for macrophages?

Answer 48

Mononuclear phagocytes Sentinel cell Antigen-presenting cell

Question 49

What are the classifications for dendritic cells?

Answer 49

Mononuclear phagocytes Sentinel cell Antigen-presenting cell

Question 50

What is the cause of canine cyclic neutropenia?

Answer 50

Defective stem cell maturation in both melanocytes and bone marrow stem cells that produce neutrophils