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Cognitive Psychology 317 > Exam 1 - Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 - Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

_________-

  • Recognizing faces on campus
  • Hearing people in the hallway
A

Perception

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2
Q

_________-

  • Not spilling my coffee
  • Navigating on campus
A

Attention

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3
Q

_________-


-Adjusting for classroom tech problems
-Fitting everything into my schedule

A

Problem Solving

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4
Q

_________-

  • Keeping ‘to-do’ list separate for work and home
  • Classroom vs. hallway
A

Categories

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5
Q

_________-

  • Remembering where I need to be/when
  • Remembering that I need to refill cat food tonight
A

Memory

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6
Q

_________-


-’Seeing’ different routes to get to campus
-Locating where I left my keys

A

Visualization

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7
Q

_________-


-Appropriately responding to hallway conversation
-Communicating during this lecture

A

Understanding/Producing Language

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8
Q

_________-


-Deciding how to open door with my hands full
-Deciding what to jettison from schedule

A

Decision Making

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9
Q

_________-:

a branch of psychology concerned with the scientific study of the mind

A

Cognitive psychology

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10
Q

Cognitive psychology:

a branch of psychology concerned with the _________ study of the mind

A

scientific

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11
Q

Cognitive psychology:

a branch of psychology concerned with the scientific study of the _________

A

mind

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12
Q

-What is the Mind-

_________ : perception, attention, memory, emotions, language, decision making, thinking and reasoning

A

Cognition

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13
Q

-What is the Mind-

Cognition: perception, _________, memory, _________, language, decision making, thinking & reasoning

A
  • attention

- emotions

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14
Q

-What is the Mind-

Cognition: perception, attention, memory, emotions, _________, decision making, _________ & reasoning

A
  • language

- thinking

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15
Q

-What is the Mind-

_________ : how the mind operates and functions (e.g., mental representations, storing memories, achieving goals)

A

Cognitive processes

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16
Q

-What is the Mind-

Cognitive processes: how the mind operates and _________ (e.g., mental representations, storing _________, achieving goals)

A
  • functions

- memories

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17
Q

We like to think about history as being linear–X led to Y which led to Z
However, this is not the case for _________ psychology

A

cognitive

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18
Q

The ‘First’ Cognitive Research Study-

_________ (1868) decides to study how long it takes to make a decision

A

Franciscus Donders

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19
Q

The ‘First’ Cognitive Research Study-

Franciscus Donders (1868) decides to study how long it takes to make a _________

A

decision

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20
Q

-Franciscus Donders - First’ Cognitive Research Study -

_________ : time it takes to respond to a stimulus

A

Reaction time (RT)

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21
Q

-Franciscus Donders - First’ Cognitive Research Study -

_________ —respond when you see light

A

Simple RT

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22
Q

-Franciscus Donders - First’ Cognitive Research Study -

_________ —press the left button when the light appears on the left of the screen and the right button when the light appears on the right

A

Choice RT

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23
Q

1000 millisecond = _________

A

1 second

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24
Q

_________- Attention, Perception, Process, Movement (motor command),

A

Simple RTSimple RT

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25
Q

Simple RT - Attention, _________, Process, _________ (motor command),

A
  • Perception

- Movement

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26
Q

_________ - Decision

A

Choice RT

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27
Q

Subtracting Simple RT from Choice RT gives a _________

A

reaction time

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28
Q

Subtracting _________ RT from _________ RT gives a reaction time

A
  • Simple

- Choice

29
Q

-Donders-

Most cognitive processes cannot be _________ observed (e.g., constructs)—gave us a way to _________ cognitive behavior

A
  • directly

- quantify

30
Q

_________ -

Most cognitive processes cannot be directly observed (e.g., constructs)—gave us a way to quantify cognitive behavior

31
Q

In late 19th century, Wilhelm Wundt & Edward Titchener argued for the _________ of “psychology”

A

scientific study

32
Q

_________ — Wundt & Titchener

A

Introspection

33
Q

_________-

Argued that this field should be concerned with the study of conscious mental events (e.g., feelings, thoughts, memory, perception)

A

Wundt & Titchener

34
Q

Wundt & Titchener -

Argued that this field should be concerned with the study of _________ mental events (e.g., feelings, _________, memory, perception)

A
  • conscious

- thoughts

35
Q

_________ – Father of psychology

A

William James

36
Q

_________ – Father of experimental psychology

A

Wilhelm Wundt

37
Q

_________-

Argued for ‘introspection’ to study these phenomena

A

Wundt & Titchener

38
Q

_________ —looking within ourselves and explaining what we are doing

A

Introspection

39
Q

Problems (of introspection as a method):

  • Unconscious _________
  • _________ of ourselves and what we do
  • Post hoc explanations
  • No falsifiability
A
  • thoughts

- Misperceptions

40
Q

Problems (of introspection as a method):

  • Unconscious thoughts
  • Misperceptions of ourselves and what we do
  • _________ explanations
  • No _________
A
  • Post hoc

- falsifiability

41
Q

_________ – coming up with reasons afterwards, explaining why something occurred after it occurred

A

Post hoc explanations

42
Q

-Wundt & Titchener-

Goal of science is to make _________ (predict Irma, save lives)

A

predictions

43
Q

_________ -

Argued that psychology needed to be more scientific

A

-Behaviorism

44
Q

-Behaviorism

Argued that psychology needed to be more scientific
–Needed _________ , recordable _________ events

A
  • measurable

- physical

45
Q

_________ –> behavior response

46
Q

-WHO-

_________ —transcendental method

A

Immanuel Kant

47
Q

Immanuel Kant—transcendental method

Start with observable facts and work _________ —”what causes must have led to these _________”

A
  • backwards

- effects

48
Q

_________ -

Start with observable facts and work backwards—”what causes must have led to these effects”

A

Immanuel Kant—transcendental method

49
Q

_________ -

Reverse-engineering approach

A

Immanuel Kant—transcendental method

50
Q

_________ : this happened, lets try to figure out why this happened (crime shows: show the murder, then try to figure out how/why)

A

Kant – transcendental method

51
Q

Kant – transcendental method: this happened, lets try to figure out _________ this happened (crime shows: show the murder, then try to figure out how/why)

52
Q

Transcendental method: Cognitive psychology is different from other types of science in that psychology is made up of _________ rather than _________ things we can see.

A
  • constructs

- physical

53
Q

Problems with pure behaviorism?

  • Missing a lot between the _________ & behavior
  • Cannot understand _________, memories, etc.—doesn’t consider how people _________ the situation
A
  • stimulus
  • beliefs
  • understand
54
Q

_________ view the mind as a black box, they don’t care about _________ , feeling,

A
  • Behaviorist

- emotions

55
Q

_________ psychologist think there are more things going on the _________

A
  • Cognitive

- mind

56
Q

Cognitive Revolution-

-Starts in the _________ —slow revolution

57
Q

Cognitive Revolution-

Developed out of people’s discontent with _________ —the mind was more that a ‘_________’

A
  • behaviorism

- black box

58
Q

Cognitive Revolution-

Several important events led to this revolution:

_________ —cognitive maps in animals
IQ testing
Broadbent cockpit design
Development of digital _________—furthered information processing theory & artificial intelligence

A
  • Edward Tolman

- computers

59
Q

Cognitive Revolution-

Several important events led to this revolution:

  • Edward Tolman—cognitive maps in animals
  • _________ testing
  • Broadbent cockpit design
  • Development of digital computers—furthered _________ processing theory & artificial intelligence
A
  • IQ

- information

60
Q

Cognitive Revolution-

Several important events led to this revolution:

  • Edward Tolman—cognitive maps in animals
  • IQ testing
  • _________ cockpit design
  • Development of digital computers—furthered information processing theory & _________
A
  • Broadbent

- artificial intelligence

61
Q

Cognitive Revolution-

Digital computers started to develop –
Development of computers allowed us some framework for how the _________ might work

62
Q

Fields That Developed _________
Psychology:

  • Philosophy
  • Psychology
  • Computer Science
  • Neuroscience
  • Anthropology
  • Linguistics
63
Q

_________ : representations of structures or processes that help to visualize or explain

A

Cognitive models

64
Q

Cognitive models: representations of structures or processes that help to _________ or explain

65
Q

-Cognitive Modeling-

_________ —how brain structures are involved in cognition

A

Structural models

66
Q

-Cognitive Modeling-

Structural models—how brain structures are involved in _________

67
Q

-Cognitive Modeling-

_________ —how cognitive processes operate

A

Process models

68
Q

_________ - show step by step how something works

A

Process models

Cognitive Psychology 317 (12 decks)

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