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Psych 101 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

biological psychologists study of structure and func of nervous sys generated behavior`

A

contemporary psych

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2
Q

sensory/motor system, sleep, drug use, reproductive behavior, plasticity of nervous sys, what branch

A

contemporary psychology

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3
Q

focuses on both physiological aspects of sensory systems and the psychological exp of sensory info

A

sensation + perception

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4
Q

sensory info

A

sensation

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5
Q

experience of the world

A

perception

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6
Q

studies cognition and thoughts and their relationship to our exp and our actions

A

cognitive psych

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7
Q

research includes, attention, problem solving, language, memory, what branch

A

cognative

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8
Q

studies the physical and mental attributes of aging and maturation

A

developmental psychology

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9
Q

includes various skills acquired throughout growth

A

developmental psycho

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10
Q

moral reasoning, cognitive skills, social skills

A

developmental psychology

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11
Q

focuses on behaviors and thought pattern that are unique to each individual

A

personality psychology

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12
Q

studies in this field include conscious and unconscious thinking and identifying personal traits

A

personality psychology

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13
Q

OCEAN, means what

A

openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, neuroticism

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14
Q

how individual interact and relate w others and how such interactions can affect behavior

A

social psychology

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15
Q

research includes prejudice, attraction, interpersonal conflicts, obedience

A

social psycholgy

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16
Q

focuses on how individual health is directly related or affected by biological, psychological, and sociocultural influences

A

health psychology

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17
Q

the biopsychologicla model suggests that health/illness is determined by…

A

an interaction

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18
Q

focus on diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and problematic patterns of behavior

A

clinical psychology

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19
Q

principle theories in office type setting

A

industrial org psych

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20
Q

winning mentality falls into what branch of psycoh

A

sports and exercise

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21
Q

justice system is what branch of psych

A

forensic

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22
Q

based on things we can see

A

scientific research - empirical

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23
Q

predicted based on general premise

A

deductive reasoning

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24
Q

all living things require energy to survive, example of what

A

deductive reasoning

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25
Q

conclusions drawn from observation

A

inductive reasoning

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26
Q

first step of scientific method

A

scientists form ideas thru deductive reasoning

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27
Q

second step of sci method

A

hypothetically tested thru empirical observation, scientists form conclusions

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28
Q

third step of sci method

A

these conclusions lead to new theories and hypoth

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29
Q

well dev set of ideas that propose an explanation for observed phenomena

A

theory

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30
Q

tentative and testable statement about relationship btw 2 or more variables

A

hypothesis

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31
Q

clinical or case studies, naturalistic observation, surveys, archival research, longitudinal and cross sectional studies

A

approaches to research

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32
Q

focus on 1 individual or small group

A

clinical or case studies

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33
Q

allows for a lot of insight into a case

A

clinical or case studies

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34
Q

is it easy or difficult to generalize results to larger pop with clinical or case studies

A

difficult

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35
Q

observation of behavior in natural setting

A

naturalistic observation

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36
Q

when observations may be skewed to align with observer expectations

A

observer bias

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37
Q

list of questions that can be delivered in many ways

A

surveys

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38
Q

can be used to gather large amount of data from a larger population

A

surveys

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39
Q

uses past records or data sets to answer various research questions, or to search for interesting patterns or relationships

A

archival research

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40
Q

researcher never directly interacts w participants

A

archival research

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41
Q

compares multiple segments of a pop @ a single time point

A

Cross sectional research

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42
Q

example of cross sectional research

A

age groups

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43
Q

studies in which same group of individuals is surveyed or measured rep over extended period of time

A

longitudinal

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44
Q

reduction in # of research participation over time

A

attrition

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45
Q

relationship btw two or more variables

A

correlation

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46
Q

indicating strength and direction of relation btw variables

A

correlation coefficient

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47
Q

changes in one variable causes change in another

A

cause and effect

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48
Q

unanticipated outside factor that affects both sides of interest

A

confounding variable

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49
Q

illusory correlations

A

seeing relationship btw when no such examples exist

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50
Q

tendency to ignore certain evidence

A

confirmation bias

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51
Q

only way to establish cause and effect is….

A

scientific evidence

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52
Q

description of what actions and operations will be used to measure dependent variables

A

operational description

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53
Q

exp where researcher knows which participants are in which group, but participant does not

A

single blind

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54
Q

both researchers and part are blind to group assignment

A

double blind

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55
Q

article read by several other sci they provide feedback

A

peer reviewed journal article

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56
Q

consistency and reproducibility of given result

A

reliabilty

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57
Q

measure of agreement among observers on how they record and classify particular events

A

inter-rater reliability

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58
Q

accuracy of a given result in measuring

A

validity

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59
Q

must adhere to strict guidelines, informed consent

A

research involving human participants

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60
Q

process of informing a research participant about what to expect

A

informed consent

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61
Q

purposely misleading participants to maintain integrity of experiment

A

deception

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62
Q

when involving deception, participants told the complete and truthful info about experiment

A

debriefing

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63
Q

example of not debriefing (what case)

A

Tuskegee Syphillis study

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64
Q

how much of psychological research involves animals, rodents or birds

A

90%

65
Q

why do animals make good test subjects

A

many of the same basic functions as humans

66
Q

provide scaffolding on which neurons are built

A

glial cells

66
Q

system of neurons and glial cells support each other in order to facilitate variety of important aspects

A

nervous system

67
Q

neurons connect…

A

info processors

68
Q

cluster of fibers, receives info, finger like

A

dendrites

69
Q

contains nucleus, in the middle

A

cell body (soma)

70
Q

part of neuron carries message destined for other neurons

A

axon

71
Q

protected coat of fat and protein around axon

A

myelin sheath

72
Q

gap btw neurons is called what

A

synapse

73
Q

what of the sending neuron meets with dendrites of receiving at synapse

A

axon

74
Q

what of the receiving neuron meets with axon at synapse

A

dendrite

75
Q

what is voltage of neuron at rest

A

-70 mV

76
Q

difference in charge btw cytoplasm and ex cell fluid

A

membrane potential

77
Q

threshold of excitement is what

A

-50 mV

78
Q

chemical communication btw two neurons involves what

A

neurotrasnmitters

79
Q

what releases neurotransmitter

A

pre synaptic neuron

80
Q

in what fashion do neurotransmitters bind

A

lock and key fashion

81
Q

chemical subs that are released at the end of a neuron which facilitate a variety of behaviors and mood states

A

neurotransmitter

82
Q

imbalances in neurotransmitters is associated with what

A

psychiatric disorders

83
Q

what are the two ways psychoactive drugs can act

A

agonist or antagonist

84
Q

chemical mimics neurotransmitter

A

agonist

85
Q

blocks and impedes normal acitivy

A

antagonist

86
Q

impede reuptake of a given neurotransmitter back into neuron from which it is released

A

reuptake inhibitor

87
Q

involved in muscle action, memory, increased arousla, enhanced cognition

A

acetylcholine

88
Q

involved in pain, pleasure, decreased anxiety, decreased tension

A

beta-endorphin

89
Q

involved in mood, sleep, learning, increased pleasure, suppressed appetite

A

dopamine

90
Q

involved in brain function, sleep, decreased anxiety, decreased tension

A

Gamma aminobutyric acids

91
Q

involved in memory, learning, increased learning, enhanced memory

A

glutamate

92
Q

involved in heart, intestines, alertness, increased arousal, suppressed appetitie

A

norepinephrin

93
Q

involved in mood, sleep, modulated mood, suppressed appetite

A

serotonin

94
Q

two branches of NS

A

peripheral and central

95
Q

two parts of peripheral NS

A

somatic and autonomic

96
Q

what’s included in CNS

A

brain and spinal cord

97
Q

intentional choice function

A

somatic

98
Q

what’s included in somatic

A

cranial and spinal nerves that leave bone

99
Q

parasympathetic and sympathetic are included in what

A

autonomic NS

100
Q

autonomic includes what

A

parasympathetic and sympathetic

101
Q

relaxing falls under which part of autonomic

A

parasympathetic

102
Q

scared, trying to run away would fall under what part of autonomic

A

sympathetic

103
Q

encased in bone

A

CNS

104
Q

routes messages to and from brain

A

spinal cord

105
Q

can initiate autonomic movements

A

spinal cord

106
Q

how the NS can change and adapt

A

neuroplasticity

107
Q

can neurons change locations to help damaged area?

A

yes

108
Q

when are neurons most plastic

A

when were young

109
Q

surface of brain

A

cerebral cortex

110
Q

peak of brain

A

gyri

111
Q

valley of brain

A

sulki

112
Q

divides brain into two hemispheres

A

longitudinal fission

113
Q

are the right and left sides of brain symmetric

A

no

114
Q

forms associations in memory, selective attention, positive emotion

A

left hemisphere of brain

115
Q

thick fibers that connect the two hemispheres

A

corpus callosum

116
Q

what makes up forebrain

A

two hemispheres of cerebral cortex

117
Q

how many lobes in each hemisphere

A

4

118
Q

what are the lobes

A

frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital

119
Q

functions include exec func, motor control, emotion

A

frontal love

120
Q

top, rear of cerebral cortex

A

parietal

121
Q

involved in processing various sensory and percept info

A

partial lobe

122
Q

by ears, which lobe

A

temporal

123
Q

hearing, memory, emotion, some aspects of language

A

temporal

124
Q

at bottom and black of cerebral cortex

A

occipital

125
Q

visual processing, which lobe

A

occipital

126
Q

moving parts, which cortex

A

motor cortex

127
Q

sensation/feeling, which cortex

A

sensory cortex

128
Q

where is brocas area located

A

frontal

129
Q

responsible for speech formation

A

brocas area

130
Q

where is wernickes area at

A

temporal lobe

131
Q

speech understanding

A

wernickes area

132
Q

system responsible for emotion and memory

A

limbic system

133
Q

parts of limbic system

A

amygdala, hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus

134
Q

arousal and emotion

A

amygdala

135
Q

formation of memories

A

hippocampus

136
Q

relay station for senses

A

thalamus

137
Q

regulation of hormones

A

hypothalamus

138
Q

substantia nigra and ventral segmented area are part of what

A

midbrain

139
Q

produce dopamine

A

midbrain

140
Q

mood reward addiction all involved in this part of brain

A

midbrain

141
Q

degeneration of midbrain is associated with what

A

Parkinsons

142
Q

sleep wake cycle involved with this

A

reticular formation

143
Q

what is included in hindbrain

A

pons, medulla, cerebellum

144
Q

connect hindbrain to rest of brain

A

pons

145
Q

automatic processes of autonomic NS

A

medulla

146
Q

breathing, heart rate are done by…

A

medulla

147
Q

balence, coordination, motor skills, procedural memory

A

cerebellum

148
Q

involves number of X-rays of brain or body

A

CT scan

149
Q

CT scan name

A

computerized topography scan

150
Q

different tissue densities allow for overall image to be constructed

A

CT scan

151
Q

studies brain via injected radioactive sugar

A

PET

152
Q

what does PET stand for

A

positron emission topography

153
Q

can be used with a CT to get a clear view of structure and activity

A

PET

154
Q

magnetic fields used to produce a picture of tissue being measured

A

MRI

155
Q

show metabolic activity overtime

A

functional MRI (fMRI

156
Q

involves recording electrical activity of brain via electrodes on scalp

A

electroencephotography EEG

157
Q

using cups w electrodes, modern EEG research can study precise timing of overall brain activity by….

A

tracking amplitude and freq of brain waves

Psych 101 (8 decks)

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