Ch 14 Flashcards
process where an individual perceives and responds to events that they appraise as overwhelming or threatening to their well being
stress
threatening or overwhelming events that trigger stress
stressor
judgment about the degree of potential harm or threat to well being a stressor may entail (challenge or threat)
primary appraisal
judgment of the options available to cope with a stressor
secondary appraisal
stress associated with positive feelings, optimal health and performance
eustress
excessive and debilitating stress associated with fatigue, exhaustion and poor performance
distress
occurs when a person experiences strong emotions
fight or flight
when is fight or flight most commonly seen
when perceiving a threat
how many phases of general adaptation syndrome e
3
3 phases of GAS
alarm, resistance, exhaustion
two systems at work for physiological mechanism of stress
sympathetic NS, hypothalamic pituatary adrenal axis
adrenal glands release what
hormones including cortisol
events that persist over an extended period of time (long term unemployment)
chronic stressor
brief events that sometimes continue to be experienced as overwhelming well after the event has ended (falling and breaking a leg)
q
acute stressors
by holmes and rahe, quantify the stress associated with certain life changes
social readjustment rating scale
exposure to difficult/unpleasant situations; difficult demanding and or unsafe working conditions
job stressor
work situation with excessive workload and little control over decisions made
job strain
sense of emotional exhaustion and cynicism about one’s job
job burnout
relationship with friends and family can be source of stress
Interpersonal stressor
physical disorders or diseases whose symptoms are brought about or worsened by stress and emotional factors
Psychophysiological disorders
protects body from microorganisms
immune system
decreased effectiveness of the immune system - ex HIV
immunosuppression
how psychological factors such as stress influence the immune system and immune functioning
Psychoneuroimmunology
white blood cells important in the immune response
lymphcytes
Hypertension
high blood pressure
Hostile, competitve, angry, sense of time urgency and feeling driven , which patten
type A
Patient, cooperative, noncompetitive, lack of time urgency , what pattern
type B
tendency to experience negative emotions such as anger, anxiety, fear and guilt
negative affectivity
chronic disease in which the airways of the respiratory system become obstructed (due to inflammation of the airways) leading to trouble breathing
asthema
mental and behavioral efforts that we use to deal with problems relating to stress
coping
managing emotions, seeking to change the way one feels about or perceives a problems
emotion focused coping
attempting to modify the problem or source of stress
problem focused coping
our beliefs about our personal capacity to exert influence over outcomes
perceived control
learned beliefs that we are unable to exert control and or change a particular outcome
learned helplessness
soothing impact of friends family and acquaintances
social support
combines relaxation with transcendental meditation, reduces sympathetic arousal, reduces blood pressure, 4 components
relaxation response technique
bodily info is shown in real time, providing feedback to help the person gain a level of voluntary control over these processes
biofeedback
3 aspects of happiness
pleasant life, good life, meaningful life,
factors that impact happiness
age, family and social relationships, money, religion and culture
pleasurable engagement with the environment such as happiness joy enthusiasm, alertness, excitement
positive affect
