Ch 15 Flashcards

1
Q

the study of psychological disorders including their symptoms, etiology, and treatment

A

psychopathology

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2
Q

condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

A

Psychological disorder

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3
Q

appropriately identifying a leveling a set of defined symptoms

A

diagnosis

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4
Q

Categorizes and describes each disorder including diagnostic features, criteria, prevalence, risk factors

A

DSM5

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5
Q

psychological disorders attributed to a force beyond scientific understanding

A

supernatural perspective

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6
Q

group mania where grousp of people started dancing together and wouldnt stop

A

dancing mania

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7
Q

view psychological disorders as linked to biological phenomena

A

biological perspective

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8
Q

emphasis the importance of learning, stress, self defeating thinking patterns and environmental factors

A

psychosocial perspective e

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9
Q

integrates biological and psychosocial factors to predict the likelihood of a disorder

A

diathesis stress model

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10
Q

underlying predisposition for a disorder

A

diathesis

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11
Q

an instantaneous rxn to an imminent threat

A

fear

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12
Q

apprehension, avoidance, and cautiousness regarding a potential threat, danger, or other negative content

A

anxiety

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13
Q

characterized by excessive and persistent fear and anxiety and by related disturbances in behavior

A

anxiety disorders

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14
Q

involves excessive distressing and persistent fear or anxiety about a specific object or situation

A

specific phobia

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15
Q

characterized by extreme and persistent fear or anxiety and avoidance of social situation sin which the person could potentially be evaluated negatively by others, leading to serious impairments in life

A

social anxiety disorders

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16
Q

mental or behavioral acts that reduce anxiety in social situations in which the person could potentially be evaluated negatively by others, leading to serious impairments in life

A

safety behaviors

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17
Q

recurrent and unexpected panic attacks, at least one month of perisitent concern about additional panic attacks worry over the consequences of the attacks or self defeating changes in behavior related to the attacks

A

panic disorder

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18
Q

a period of extreme fear or discomfort that develops abruptly and reaches a peak within 10 minutes

A

panic attack

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19
Q

relatively continuous state of excessive uncontrollable and pointless worry and apprehension

A

generalized anxiety disorder

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20
Q

worry represents a mental strategy to avoid more powerful negative emotions
, what theory

A

cognitive theory

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21
Q

Involves thoughts/urges that are intrusive and unwanted (obsessions) and/or the need to engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts (compulsions)

A

OCD

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22
Q

persistent unintentional and unwanted thoughts and urges that are highly intrusive, unpleasant, and distressing

A

obsessions

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23
Q

repetitive and ritualistic acts typically carried out primarily as a means to minimize the distress that obsessions trigger or to the reduce likelihood of a feared event

A

complsions

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24
Q

involves a preoccupation with a perceived flaw in the individual physical appearance that s either nonexistent or barely noticeable to other people

A

body dysmorphic disorder

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25
Q

involves great difficulty in discarding possessions, usually resulting in an accumulation of useless items that clutter living or work areas

A

hoarding disorder

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26
Q

PTSD diagnosis criteria

A

individual was exposed to witness or experienced the details of a traumatic experiecne

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27
Q

charcterized by massive disruptions in mood and emotions that can cause a distorted outlook on life and impair ones ability to function

A

mood disorders

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28
Q

extreme elation and agitation) is many feature

A

mania

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29
Q

distinct pd of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive or irritable mood and abnormally and persistently inc activity or energy lasting at least one week”

A

manic episode

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30
Q

how many symptoms and how long for major depressive disorder

A

at least 5 symptoms and 2 week s

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31
Q

applies to situations in which a person experiences the symptoms of MDD only during a particular time of year

A

seasonal pattern depression

32
Q

major depression during pregnancy or in the 4 weeks following the birth

A

peripartum onset

33
Q

depressed moods most of the day nearly every day for at least 2 years\

A

Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)

34
Q

involved mood states that fluctuate between depression and mania

A

bipolar disorder

35
Q

how are genetics and major depressive disorder related

A

relatives have double the risk of developing the disorder

36
Q

mood disorders often involve imbalances in neurotransmitters, particularly serotonin and norepinephrine

A

neurotransmitters

36
Q

Cortisol activates the… and deactivates the…

A

activates amygdala, deactivates prefrontal cortex

37
Q

important in assessing the emotional disgnificance of stimuli and experiencing emotions

A

amygdala

38
Q

important in regulating and controlling emotions

A

prefrontal cortex

39
Q

theorized that depression prone people possess mental predispositions to think about most things in a negative way
.. who

A

Aaron beck

40
Q

specific negative thinking style, sense of hopelessness depression

A

hopelessness theory

41
Q

focus on the fact that one is depressed and dwelling on depressed symptoms

A

rumination

42
Q

a psychological disorder characterized by major disturbances in thought perception emotion and behavior

A

schizophrenia

43
Q

beliefs that other people or agencies are plotting to harm them

A

paranoid delusions

44
Q

belief that one holds special power, unique knowledge, or is extremely important

A

grandiose delusions

45
Q

belief that something highly abnormal is happening to ones body

A

somatic delusions

46
Q

lack of motivation to engage in self initiated and meaningful activity

A

avolition

47
Q

alogia

A

reduced speech output

48
Q

social withdrawal

A

asociality

49
Q

inability to experience pleasure

A

anhedonia

50
Q

for schizophrenia, there are high levels of what in where

A

high dopamine in limbic system

51
Q

ventricles small or enlarged schizophrenia

A

enlarged

52
Q

grey matter inc or dec schizophrenia

A

dec

53
Q

characterized by an individual becoming split off from their core sense of self

A

dissociative disorders

54
Q

inability to recall important personal information

A

dissociative amnesia

55
Q

individual suddenly wanders away from home, experiences confusion about their identity and in some cases may adopt a new identity

A

dissociative fugue

56
Q

feelings of unreality or detachment from or unfamiliarity with, ones whole self or from aspects of the self

A

depersonalization

57
Q

sense of unreality or detachment from the world, be it individuals, inanimate objects or all surroundings

A

derealization

58
Q

individual exhibits two or more separate personalities or ID

A

dissociative identity disorder

59
Q

involve developmental problems in personal social academic and intellectual functioning

A

neurodevelopment disorders

60
Q

constant pattern of inattention and or hyperactivity and impulsivity that interferes with normal functionin

A

ADHD

61
Q

deficits in social interaction, deficits in communication, repetitive patterns of behavior or interests

A

autism

62
Q

characterized by a pervasive and inflexible personality style that differs from the expectations of the individuals culture and causes distress or impairment

A

personality disorders

63
Q

personality style that is odd or eccentric, what cluster

A

a

64
Q

Pervasive and unjustified suspiciousness, reluctant to confide in or become close to others, takes offense easily and bear grudges

A

paranoid personality disorder

65
Q

Lacks interest and desire to form relationships with others, shows emotional coldness and detachment

A

schizoid

66
Q

Eccentricities in thought, perception, emotion, speech, and behavior, suspicious or paranoia,

A

schizotypal

67
Q

personality style that is impulsive, overly dramatic, highly emotional, erratic, what cluster

A

cluster B

68
Q

Excessively overdramatic, emotional, theatrical, needs to be the center of others attention, behavior is inappropriately seductive or provocative

A

histrionic

69
Q

Overinflated and unjustified sense of self importance, believes they are entitled to special treatment from others, shows, arrogant attitudes and behaviors, takes advantage of towers

A

narcissistic personality disorder

70
Q

characterized by instability in interpersonal relationships, self image, and mood, as well as marked impulsivity

A

borderline personality disorder

71
Q

characterized by complete lack of regard for other peoples rights or feelings

A

antisocial personality disorder

72
Q

personality style that appears nervous and fearful, what cluster

A

cluster C

73
Q

socially inhibited and oversenstivie to negative evaluation, feels inadequate and views self as socially inept and unappealing, unwilling to take rsk or engage in new activities if they may prove embarrassing

A

avoidant personality disorder

74
Q

allows others to take over and run their life, submissive, slingy, and fears separation, cannot make decision siwthout advice and reassurance from others, lacks self confidence

A

dependent personality disorder

75
Q

pervasive need for perfectionism that interferes with the ability to complete tasks, preoccupied with details rules order and schedules, rigid, inflexible, and stubborn

A

obsessive compulsive personality disorder