Ch11 Flashcards
characteristic ways people differ from each other
personality
basic dimensions on which people differe
personality traits
personalty shaped by reinforcement and conseq exp form the environment , what perspective
behavioral
personality is learned, develops over entire life, what perspective
behaviorla
strict behaviorist believes what
there is no personality
learning and cognition are important aspects of personality development, which perspective
social cognitive
reciprocal determinism is made up of what
cognitive factors, behaviors, situational factors
beliefs, expectations, previously learned knowledge are all what
cognitive facotrs
acts that may be rewarded or punished
behavior
environmental context applies to what
situational factors
vicarious punishment or reinforcement influence our personality
observational learning
overall lvl of confidence in our own abilities
self efficacy
high self efficacy means what
positive view of challenges, quickly bounce back from setbacks
low self efficacy
avoid challenges, tend to focus on failure
belief we have about power of our lives
locus of control
outcomes are direct result of our efforts
internal LOC
outcomes are outside of our own control
external LOC
who was main responsible for self regulation
Walter mischeal
process of ID goal and using int and ext feedback to maximize goal attainment
self regulation
who came up with self actualizaton
Abraham Maslow
achievement of our fullest potential
self actualization
thoughts and feelings about ourselves
self concept
who came up iwht self concept
carl rogers
extent to which our ideal selves correspond w our real selves
congruence vs incongruence
proportion of diff among people due to genetics
heritability
how much of our personality may be influenced by our genes
at least 50%
what study dealt with fraternal and identical twins
Minnesota Twins studyst
study of thoughts actions and behaviors are shaped by evolutionary forces
evolutionary psych
says that adaptive difference has evolved among humans
evolutionary psych
do something nice w expectation of getting something back
reciprocal altruism
individual difference w strong biological bassi
temperament
infant temperament traits
easy, difficult, slow to warm up
adult temperament traits are what
reactivity, self regulation
how we respond to new or challenging stimuli
reactivity
our ability to control that response
self regulation
characteristic way of behaving across situations
trait
what trait dominates entire personality
cardinal
main trait that make up a personality
central
persent under specific condition
secondary trait
who came up with cardinal, central, secondary traits
gordon allport
identified 16 factors of personality, who was it
Raymond cattle
who focused on temperament
Hans and Sybil Eysenck
what are the two dimensions that Eysenck came up with
introversion vs extroversion, neurotic vs stable
five factor model
openness, conscietoiusness, extroversion, agreeableness, neuroticism
characterized by imagination , feelings, actions, and ideas
openness
competence, self discipline, thoughtfulness, achieving
conscentousness
sociability, assertivness, excitement seeking
extroversion
pleasant, cooperative, trust good natured
agreeableness
trend to experess neg emotions
neuroticism
when does conscientiousness inc
young and middle adulthood
agreeableness peaks when
50-70 years old
does neuroticism inc or dec w age
decrease
does extroversion inc or dec w age
dec
what happens with openness over lifetime
stays about the same
which model adds a 6th deminsion
HEXACO
are collectivist society more ntroverted or extroverted
extroverted
testing western ideas about personality in other cultures
cultural comparative approach
dev personality assessment based on constructs relevant to the particular culture being studied
indigenous approach
bridge between western and indigenous psych
combined approach
