Evolution Flashcards
Mutation
A mutation is a lasting change in a gene or chromosome, usually caused by a mistake during DNA replication. Mutations can be good, bad, or neutral.
Artificial Selection / Selective Breeding
Breeding is the process of putting two organisms together on purpose to get children with a certain trait or to get rid of a certain trait.
Structural Adaptation
an inherited change in physical features that helps organisms survive
Ex: longer necks in turtles to reach food
Adaptation
A trait that has spread because it helps an organism survive and reproduce. Structural or behavioral.
Ex: migration in winter
Natural Selection
Over time, the population becomes more suited to that environment.
Ex: faster antelopes survive to pass down traits
Behavioral Adaptation
an inherited change in behavior that helps organisms survive or avoid harm
Genetic Variation
There are differences in a species’ genetics that add to the gene pool.
DNA Replication
the process by which cells duplicate their DNA
Law of Independent Assortment
The way that each pair of chromosomes breaks apart randomly, making different gametes.