Ecology

Question 1

Tundra

Answer 1

Cold and dry region. Near the poles.

Question 2

Interspecific Competition

Answer 2

competition between different species
Ex: leopards and lions in sub-Saharan Africa competing for prey

Question 3

Consumer

Answer 3

an organism that eats other organisms for energy;

Question 4

Parasitism

Answer 4

close relationship between two organisms where one organism benefits (parasite) and the other is harmed (host).
Ex: fleas and dogs

Question 5

Biotic Factors / Biological Factors

Answer 5

Factors in an ecosystem which are or once were living
Ex: plants, animals, dead tree leaves

Question 6

Apex Predator

Answer 6

an organism at the top of the food chain with little or no natural enemies

mountain lion

Question 7

Light-Dependent Reaction

Answer 7

The reaction requires sunlight. Photosynthesis converts light into chemical energy.

Question 8

Deciduous Forest

Answer 8

An area with moderate temperatures and precipitation

Question 9

Intraspecific Competition

Answer 9

competition between members of the same species
Ex: two male bighorn sheep fighting for a mate

Question 10

Boreal Forest (Taiga)

Answer 10

An area with cool to cold temperatures and moderate precipitation

Question 11

Biodiversity

Answer 11

The number of different types of species in an area

Question 12

Tertiary Consumer

Answer 12

an organism in a food chain that eats secondary consumers. May be omnivores or carnivores.
Ex: bear or snake

Question 13

Trophic Level

Answer 13

what an organism eats determines its food chain position.
Ex: primary consumer

Question 14

Logistic Growth (in ecology)

Answer 14

Population growth slows after reaching carrying capacity. Insufficient supplies cause this.

Question 15

Secondary Consumer

Answer 15

an organism in a food chain that eats primary consumers. May be omnivores or carnivores.
Ex: lizard

Question 16

Keystone Species

Answer 16

Species that balance other populations by devouring omnivores.
Ex; starfish in a kelp forest

Question 17

Interdependent Species

Answer 17

Species depend on each other for food, protection, competition, working together, and a process called symbiosis.

Question 18

Calvin Cycle

Answer 18

This is the part of photosynthesis where sugar is made from carbon dioxide.

Question 19

Community

Answer 19

a small group of interacting species

a group of humans, along with their dogs, cats, trees, etc.

Question 20

Biosphere

Answer 20

The only place on Earth where life can be found. It goes from the bottom of the seas all the way up to the sky.

Question 21

Light-Independent Reaction

Answer 21

Reactions that can occur without light being present

Question 22

Food Web

Answer 22

explain how overlapping food chains in an ecosystem transfer energy.

Question 23

Mutualism

Answer 23

close relationship between two organisms where both organisms benefit from the relationship.

bees and flowers

Question 24

Desert

Answer 24

An area with extreme temperatures and little to no precipitation (less than 10 inches of rain a year)

Question 25

Temperate Rainforest

Answer 25

An area with moderate temperature and high precipication year round

Question 26

Omnivore

Answer 26

an organism that eats both plants and animals for energy and nutrients. a mouse will eat both insects and seeds

Question 27

External Stimuli

Answer 27

something that occurs in the environment and can cause a response by the organism a loud noise

Question 28

Ecosystem

Answer 28

A specific area with interaction of living (biotic) and nonliving (abiotic) factors. A group of humans, plants, and animals living on a farm

Question 29

Primary Consumer

Answer 29

an organism in a food chain that eats the plants (producers). Herbivores. grasshoppers

Question 30

Commensalism

Answer 30

close relationship between two organisms where one organism benefits and the other is not affected. barnacles and whales

Question 31

Symbiosis

Answer 31

two dissimilar organisms living in a close relationship parasitism

Question 32

Competitive Exclusion Principle

Answer 32

the idea that two species that compete for the same resource can't share the same area.

Question 33

Predation

Answer 33

a relationship between species in which one species hunts and kills another for food foxes hunting chickens

Question 34

Exponential Growth (in ecology)

Answer 34

Even though there were plenty of supplies, populations grew quickly.

Question 35

Producer

Answer 35

an organism that uses abiotic resources (like the sun's rays) to make food grass

Question 36

Carrying Capacity (K)

Answer 36

how many living things an environment can support before it breaks down

Question 37

Limiting Factor

Answer 37

A resource that affects how fast a group grows or shrinks.

Question 38

Migration / Gene Flow

Answer 38

movement of individuals of a species

Question 39

Extinction

Answer 39

the dying out of all members of a species dodo birds

Question 40

Carnivore

Answer 40

an organism that eats only other animals for energy and nutrients. mountain lion

Question 41

Herbivore

Answer 41

an organism that eats only plants for energy and nutrients. Also called a primary consumer. grasshopper

Question 42

Competition (Ecology)

Answer 42

struggle among organisms for basic needs such as space, water, food, and sunlight two male lions fighting over a dead monkey

Question 43

Biome

Answer 43

A grouping of ecosystems that are alike. Biomes are put into groups based on the plants, animals, soil, habitat, temperature, and location

Question 44

Tropical Rainforest

Answer 44

An area with high temperature and precipitation year round. Often has high humidity. Amazon Rainforest

Question 45

Grassland

Answer 45

An area with moderate temperature and low precipication year round

Question 46

Habitat

Answer 46

the natural environment of a living organism a rattlesnake's habitat: the desert

Question 47

Abiotic Factors / Physical Factors

Answer 47

Factors in an ecosystem which are not alive temperature, precipitation, soil

Question 48

Internal Stimuli

Answer 48

something that occurs within an organism and can cause a response by the organism release of hormones

Question 49

Niche

Answer 49

how a creature interacts with and acts in its environment.