Eukaryotic cells: Plants Flashcards
1
Q
Structure of cell vacuole
A
- Filled with fluid surrounded by a single membrane (called a tonoplast.)
2
Q
Function of cell vacuole (3 main functions.)
A
- Make cells turgid (therefore provide support.)
- Temporary (food) store of amino acids and sugars.
- Pigments (in vacuole) may colour petals, attracting pollinating insects.
3
Q
True or False
Vacuoles are found in plants, algae and fungi
A
- FALSE!
- Vacuoles are only found in plants.
4
Q
Structure of chloroplasts.
A
- Surrounded by a double membrane.
- Contains thylakoids (folded membranes)
- Fluid filled stroma contains enzymes for photosynthesis.
5
Q
What are thylakoids (folded membranes in chloroplasts) embedded with?
A
- Thylakoids are embedded with chlorophyll.
6
Q
Function of chloroplasts?
A
- Site of photoynthesis.
7
Q
True or False
Chloroplasts are only found in plants.
A
- False!
- Chloroplasts are found in plants AND in algae.
8
Q
Structure of cell wall.
A
- In plants, algae and fungi.
- Plants: made of microfibrils of the polysaccharide cellulose.
- Fungi: made of chitin (nitrogen- containing polysaccharide.)
9
Q
Why is it useful for plant cell walls to specifically have **microfibrils ** of cellulose?
A
- Microfibrils have strength (contributing to overall strength of cell wall.)
10
Q
Function of cell wall.
A
- Provide structural strength to the cell.
11
Q
True or False
Fungi, plants and algae all have cell walls.
A
- True.
- Fungi, plants, algae all have cell walls.
12
Q
What are algae cell walls made of?
A
- Either cellulose
OR - Glycoproteins
OR - A mixture of both.
13
Q
Structure of the cell surface membrane.
A
- Found in all cells.
- Phospholipid bilayer: molecules embeded within and on the outisde (ie. proteins, carbohydrates, cholesterol.)
14
Q
Function of cell surface membrane
A
- Controls the entrance and exit of molecules.
15
Q
What are grana?
A
- Grana are stacks of thylakoid membranes.
