ES - Cardiopulmonary anatomy and physiology - Responses to Exercise and Training Flashcards
Cardiovascular changes at Rest
Short-term: 5%-12% decreased resting HR.
Long-term: no change or 4%-13% decreased resting HR.
Cardiovascular changes during Anaerobic Activity
Reduced response during acute exercise of given absolute intensity and workload (HR, BP, double product).
Increased stroke volume and cardiac output due to decreased after load on L ventricle, while simultaneously decreasing myocardial O2 consumption.
Cardiorespiratory changes at Rest
Abrupt increase during initial stages of exercise.
Resting values will increase from 5-6 L/min to >100 L/min.
Ventilation and O2 consumption increase linearly w/ work rate at submax. intensities.
Acute Cardiorespiratory changes during Anaerobic Training
Anaerobic: Ventilation is significantly elevated during each set, but elevation is even greater during first minute of recovery.
Short rest intervals (30s-1min.) produce most substantial elevation.
Improved ventilation efficiency.
Acute Cardiorespiratory responses during concurrent training (both anaerobic and aerobic) (5)
Heavy resistance training can hinder VO2max improvements.
Negative affect of power development.
Lower rate of force development.
Lower peak and muscle power.
Decreased ability to perform weightlifting sets after aerobic exercise.
Acute respiratory responses during aerobic activity (5)
Increased O2 delivery to tissue, CO2 returned to lungs, and minute ventilation (vol. of air breathed per minute; i.e. deeper breathes).
During strenuous activity, breathing frequency increases from 12 to 15 breathes/min. at rest to 35 to 45 breathes/min.
Tidal volume increases from resting 0.4-1L to 3L+
Low to mod. intensity: increased minute ventilation directly associated w/ increased O2 uptake and CO2 production.
Increased anatomical dead space (rest of lungs where gas exchange doesn’t occur) due to deeper breathing.
Tidal Volume
amount of air inhaled and exhaled with each breath.
