Equine Nursing/Surgery Flashcards
Normal pulse:
24-48bpm
2 main arteries for assessing BP and pulse
Facial artery and coccygeal
When assessing the MM and CRT, there is a toxic line. What does this look like?
Red or purple line along the teeth
First maxillary premolars are referred to as ______ teeth
wolf
What is the dental formula for Stallions? How do Mares differ?
I3/3, C1/1, P3/3, M3/3. Mares typically dont have canine teeth
What is floating the teeth? Why does it need to be done?
Horses chew in a side to side motion, creating sharp edges on the upper buccal surface and the lower lingual surface. Rasping down these sharp edges is called floating
Where are IM injections commonly administered?
Cervical muscle at the base of the neck.
IM doses more than ___ml should be divided into more than 1 injection site
15ml
What are the 5 core vaccines?
Tetanus toxoid, tetanus antitoxin, rabies, equine encephalomyelitis, west nile
What does Colic mean?
Abdominal pain
Founder, also called ______, is inflammation of the sensitive laminae of the feet caused by grain overload or hormones
Laminitis
How long should fasting before surgery be?
12 hours without feed but water is okay
Scrubbing the surgical site before surgery requires minimum ____minute scrub or until no debris is observed for the FIRST step of scrub
7 mins
What is not true of long-term Mila catheters?
a) Commonly placed into jugular of neonatal foals
b) Is a catheter-over-guidewire style catheter
c) Meant to be used for regional perfusions
d) Can be left for 3-4 weeks
C
When performing nasogastric intubation into the esophagus, you should:
a) have positive pressure when sucking back or blowing into the tube
b) be able to see the tube on the right side of the neck
c) elicit a cough/gag response
d) Observe the tube passing passing along the left jugular groove as it advances down the esophagus
D
What route of Clorstridium causes botulism?
a) Stepping on a nail
b) Being bitten by mosquito
c) Wounds infected with contaminated spores in soil
d) Wound abscess
C
Rhodococcus equi causes ______ in foals:
a) Hypoproteinemia
b) Diarrhea
c) Pneumonia
d) Chronic weight loss
C
Equine herpesvirus (EHV-1) primarily effects:
a) Retropharyngeal lymph nodes
b) Gastrointestinal system
c) Reproductive system
d) Muscuoloskeletal system
C: can cause abortion storms among mares housed together. Can also cause birth of weak/sick foals that die shortly after birth
When giving IM injections into the neck, which 3 anatomical structures help form the “visual” triangle indicating proper injection site?
a) Jugular vein, nuchal ligament, shoulder blade
b) Throat latch, jaw, the poll
c) Cervical vertebrae, shoulder blade, jugular groove
d) Nuchal ligament, cervical vertebrae, shoulder blade
D
What is NOT true about colitis?
a) It is an acute inflammatory process of the large colon and cecum
b) In most cases, cause is unknown
c) Gastric motility can be hyper or hypo
d) Bacterium clostridium botulinum has been implicated as possible cause
D. Clostridium perfringens and difficile cause Colitis
In severe cases of laminitis, what can happen?
a) Coffin bone rotates and can come through the sole of the foot
b) Horse will be lame
c) Horse will be anxious to walk
d) Degeneration of navicular bone
A
