Cytology Flashcards
Epithelial cells tumors are commonly referred to as _______ or ______
carcinoma or adenocarcinoma
What degree of cellularity do epithelial cell tumors yield?
High
Mesenchymal cell tumors produce _____ shaped cells and are also referred to as sarcomas
Spindle shaped
What degree of cellularity do spindle cell tumors yield?
Low
Carcinomas tend to have ____ sized cells
Large
Sarcomas tend to have _____ sized cells
Small to medium
____ are more evident as malignancy of sarcomas increases
Nucleoli
What is anisokaryosis and what does it suggest?
Variation in nuclear size suggests malignancy
Which of the following cell types tend to be seen in clumps or clusters
a) epithelial
b) mesenchymal (spindle)
c) round cell
A
What are 2 examples of mesenchymal tumors?
Mast cell, lymphosarcoma
How can you tell the difference between a Histiocytoma and Transmissible Venereal Tumor cell?
H: poorly defined cell border and low cellularity
TNT: distinct borders, vacuolated and higher cellularity
Lymphosarcomas can be recognized by the presence of large numbers of cells with prominent _______
nucleoli
What are 3 examples of non-inflammatory, non-neoplastic lesions?
Sebaceous cysts, hematoma, lipoma
What are the 3 most common bacterial inflammatory lesions caused by?
Staph, Strep or Pseudomonas
What are the 6 most common neoplastic inflammatory lesions?
Lipoma, mast cell tumor, histocytoma, squamous cell carcinoma, fibroma and hemangiosarcoma
What are Myeloid cells?
Precursors to leukocytes. Myeloblast, promyelocyte, myelocyte, metamyelocyte
What are Erythroid cells?
Precursors to rbc’s. Rubriblast, prorubricyte, rubricyte, metarubricyte
Neoplasia of the urinary tract usually involves ______ cells
transitional epithelial cells (only in the bladder)
The preferred fixative for most cytology specimens is:
a) formalin
b) buffered phosphate
c) EDTA
d) methanol
D, formalin is used for histopathological specimens and EDTA is only used for bone marrow smears
A refractometer may not provide accurate measurements of total solids for samples that are characterized as:
a) off-white
b) chylous
c) hemorrhagic
d) transudate
B, the fatty material in chylous effusions interferes with light passage through the refractometer
The ideal sample collection device for most cytology samples of fistulated lesions is a:
a) sterile cotton swab
b) applicator stick
c) rayon swab
d) cotton ball
C because cotton swabs can inhibit some bacterial growth
For collection of pleural fluid, patients may be placed in:
a) dorsal
b) lateral
c) ventral
d) sternal
C or standing
The preferred sample preparation technique when cells are unusually fragile is:
a) modified compression smear
b) starfish smear
c) compression smear
d) wedge smear
A: subjects cells to lower shear forces
The preferred sample preparation technique when samples are highly viscous is:
a) modified compression smear
b) starfish smear
c) compression smear
d) wedge smear
B: starfish smear allows spreading of cells in a viscous sample that would not spread with other compression techniques
cytology samples should be placed in a fixative for a minimum time of:
a) 30 sec
b) 60 sec
c) 2 mins
d) 10 mins
C
The stain that is best for staining of mast cell granules is
a) Giemsa
b) NMB
c) diff-quik
d) gram
B : will stain nuclei, mast cell granules and most infectious agents
A fragmented neutrophil nucleus is described as:
a) pyknosis
b) karyorrhexis
c) karolysis
d) hypersegmentation
B. Pyknosis means condensed, karolysis refers to loss of membrane
A round cell containing a fringe border and fine chromatin is most likely a:
a) mast cell
b) macrophage
c) plasma
d) mesothelial
a: mesothelial cells are characterized by a fringe border (“corona”)
A sample characterized by the presence of more than 70% monocytes with a few neutrophils is
a) pyogranulomatous
b) purulent
c) eosinophilic
d) granulomatous
D: granulomatous
The presence of increased numbers of homogenous populations of the same cell type with no evidence of malignancy within cells is described as:
a) anisocytosis
b) macrocytosis
c) hyperplasia
d) pleomorphism
C: Hyperplasia or benign neoplasia
A common fungal organism seen in ear cytology
a) malessezia
b) otodectes
c) simonsiella
d) blastomyces
A
A common organism seen in oral cytology samples and is normal flora is
a) malessezia
b) otodectes
c) simonsiella
d) blastomyces
C
A lymph node containing 90% small lymphocytes, plasma cells, medium and large lymphocytes and macrophages is characterized as
a) normal
b) neoplastic
c) inflammatory
d) metastatic
A: all of these cells are normal as long as the small lymphocytes do not exceed 90%
