Cytology

Question 1

Epithelial cells tumors are commonly referred to as _______ or ______

Answer 1

carcinoma or adenocarcinoma

Question 2

What degree of cellularity do epithelial cell tumors yield?

Answer 2

High

Question 3

Mesenchymal cell tumors produce _____ shaped cells and are also referred to as sarcomas

Answer 3

Spindle shaped

Question 4

What degree of cellularity do spindle cell tumors yield?

Answer 4

Low

Question 5

Carcinomas tend to have ____ sized cells

Answer 5

Large

Question 6

Sarcomas tend to have _____ sized cells

Answer 6

Small to medium

Question 7

____ are more evident as malignancy of sarcomas increases

Answer 7

Nucleoli

Question 8

What is anisokaryosis and what does it suggest?

Answer 8

Variation in nuclear size suggests malignancy

Question 9

Which of the following cell types tend to be seen in clumps or clusters

a) epithelial
b) mesenchymal (spindle)
c) round cell

Answer 9

A

Question 10

What are 2 examples of mesenchymal tumors?

Answer 10

Mast cell, lymphosarcoma

Question 11

How can you tell the difference between a Histiocytoma and Transmissible Venereal Tumor cell?

Answer 11

H: poorly defined cell border and low cellularity
TNT: distinct borders, vacuolated and higher cellularity

Question 12

Lymphosarcomas can be recognized by the presence of large numbers of cells with prominent _______

Answer 12

nucleoli

Question 13

What are 3 examples of non-inflammatory, non-neoplastic lesions?

Answer 13

Sebaceous cysts, hematoma, lipoma

Question 14

What are the 3 most common bacterial inflammatory lesions caused by?

Answer 14

Staph, Strep or Pseudomonas

Question 15

What are the 6 most common neoplastic inflammatory lesions?

Answer 15

Lipoma, mast cell tumor, histocytoma, squamous cell carcinoma, fibroma and hemangiosarcoma

Question 16

What are Myeloid cells?

Answer 16

Precursors to leukocytes. Myeloblast, promyelocyte, myelocyte, metamyelocyte

Question 17

What are Erythroid cells?

Answer 17

Precursors to rbc’s. Rubriblast, prorubricyte, rubricyte, metarubricyte

Question 18

Neoplasia of the urinary tract usually involves ______ cells

Answer 18

transitional epithelial cells (only in the bladder)

Question 19

The preferred fixative for most cytology specimens is:

a) formalin
b) buffered phosphate
c) EDTA
d) methanol

Answer 19

D, formalin is used for histopathological specimens and EDTA is only used for bone marrow smears

Question 20

A refractometer may not provide accurate measurements of total solids for samples that are characterized as:

a) off-white
b) chylous
c) hemorrhagic
d) transudate

Answer 20

B, the fatty material in chylous effusions interferes with light passage through the refractometer

Question 21

The ideal sample collection device for most cytology samples of fistulated lesions is a:

a) sterile cotton swab
b) applicator stick
c) rayon swab
d) cotton ball

Answer 21

C because cotton swabs can inhibit some bacterial growth

Question 22

For collection of pleural fluid, patients may be placed in:

a) dorsal
b) lateral
c) ventral
d) sternal

Answer 22

C or standing

Question 23

The preferred sample preparation technique when cells are unusually fragile is:

a) modified compression smear
b) starfish smear
c) compression smear
d) wedge smear

Answer 23

A: subjects cells to lower shear forces

Question 24

The preferred sample preparation technique when samples are highly viscous is:

a) modified compression smear
b) starfish smear
c) compression smear
d) wedge smear

Answer 24

B: starfish smear allows spreading of cells in a viscous sample that would not spread with other compression techniques

Question 25

cytology samples should be placed in a fixative for a minimum time of:

a) 30 sec
b) 60 sec
c) 2 mins
d) 10 mins

Answer 25

C

Question 26

The stain that is best for staining of mast cell granules is

a) Giemsa
b) NMB
c) diff-quik
d) gram

Answer 26

B : will stain nuclei, mast cell granules and most infectious agents

Question 27

A fragmented neutrophil nucleus is described as:

a) pyknosis
b) karyorrhexis
c) karolysis
d) hypersegmentation

Answer 27

B. Pyknosis means condensed, karolysis refers to loss of membrane

Question 28

A round cell containing a fringe border and fine chromatin is most likely a:

a) mast cell
b) macrophage
c) plasma
d) mesothelial

Answer 28

a: mesothelial cells are characterized by a fringe border (“corona”)

Question 29

A sample characterized by the presence of more than 70% monocytes with a few neutrophils is

a) pyogranulomatous
b) purulent
c) eosinophilic
d) granulomatous

Answer 29

D: granulomatous

Question 30

The presence of increased numbers of homogenous populations of the same cell type with no evidence of malignancy within cells is described as:

a) anisocytosis
b) macrocytosis
c) hyperplasia
d) pleomorphism

Answer 30

C: Hyperplasia or benign neoplasia

Question 31

A common fungal organism seen in ear cytology

a) malessezia
b) otodectes
c) simonsiella
d) blastomyces

Answer 31

A

Question 32

A common organism seen in oral cytology samples and is normal flora is

a) malessezia
b) otodectes
c) simonsiella
d) blastomyces

Answer 32

C

Question 33

A lymph node containing 90% small lymphocytes, plasma cells, medium and large lymphocytes and macrophages is characterized as

a) normal
b) neoplastic
c) inflammatory
d) metastatic

Answer 33

A: all of these cells are normal as long as the small lymphocytes do not exceed 90%