Epistemology: Percption- 03. Illusion and Hallucination Flashcards
What is Direct Realism?
Direct Realism is the view that the immediate objects of our perception are real mind-independent objects and their properties directly without any intermediary process.
What is the difference between the illusion and hallucination argument?
In illusions, we perceive something that appears to have a property but does not, while hallucinations do not involve perceiving a physical object at all.
What is an example of an illusion?
A pencil half-submerged in water looks crooked but is straight.
What does ‘veridical’ mean?
A proposition that is true or an experience that represents the world as it actually is.
What is the first part of the Argument from Illusion?
We perceive something having some property, F (e.g. a pencil that is crooked).
What conclusion is drawn from the Argument from Illusion?
Therefore, in illusions, we see sense-data, and not physical objects, immediately.
What are relational properties in the context of Direct Realism?
Relational properties suggest that when an object looks a certain way, it may not actually possess that property.
What is the Argument from Hallucination?
In a hallucination, we perceive something having some property F, but we do not perceive a physical object at all.
What does the disjunctive theory of perception propose?
It proposes that when something looks a certain way, either we directly perceive a mind-independent physical object or it only appears as if there is something that is F.
True or False: Hallucinations and veridical perceptions are fundamentally the same mental state.
False.
What do direct realists argue about perception?
They argue that perception allows us to directly encounter physical objects as they truly are.
In a hallucination, what is perceived?
In a hallucination, we do not perceive anything; we imagine it.
Fill in the blank: The Argument from Illusion concludes that we see _______.
sense-data
What are the two distinct possibilities in the Disjunctive Theory of Perception?
- Direct Perception of a Physical Object
- Hallucination
