Epistemology: 6. No false lemmas responce Flashcards
What is the ‘no false lemmas’ clause in response to the Gettier Problem?
The ‘no false lemmas’ clause states that for a P to be knowledge P must :
1. P is true.
2. You believe that P.
3. Your belief that P is justified.
4. You did not infer that P from a false belief.
=> this try sto fix JB from Gettier case
What is a lemma in the context of an argument? idenify the lamma in the #1 Gettier case
-A lemma is a claim made partway through an argument that can influence the conclusion drawn.
-For example, in the case of Smith, ‘Jones will get the job’ is a lemma based on the information he received.
-A belief can’t be formed by a false belief that happened by chance.
How does the Gettier Problem illustrate the difference between belief and knowledge?
The Gettier Problem shows that a belief can be true by chance without being knowledge, as the justification may rely on incorrect information.
This results in ‘lucky’ true beliefs that do not meet the criteria for knowledge.
What does JTB stand for in epistemology?
-JTB stands for Justified True Belief, which is a traditional model of knowledge.
- It includes three conditions: belief, truth, and justification.
What is the relationship between truth and justification in JTB? what may this relationship cause?
-In JTB, truth and justification are related but can ‘come apart’, leading to situations where a belief is true but not justified.
-This can result in beliefs that are true by luck rather than by sound reasoning.
Explain the No-False-Lemmas response to Gettier Cases. [5 marks]
No-False-Lemmas states that S knows that P if and only if:•
1.P is true,
2. S believes that P.
3.S is justified that P, and
4.P is not produced by a false-lemma
-A false-lemma is a claim made part way through an argument which is informed by misinformation.
- This was produced to deal with ‘Gettier cases’ as it shows that in cases of chance, the necessary and sufficient conditions for knowledge are not met.
