Epistemology: 3.JTB Necessary for knowledge?

Question 1

What is a counterexample for belief being necessary for knowledge? and a reply.

Answer 1

John is nervous in an exam and has no confidence in his answers but they are correct via his learning, not luck
=>Can we say John does know the answer but does not believe it?
=> Either John doesn’t know the answer or John does know the answers and has an unconscious belief

Question 2

Why is belief necessary?

Answer 2

-Propositional knowledge is a relationship between the person and proposition
-Zagzebski call this cognitive contact with reality
-If a person takes proposition to be true this is a belief

Question 3

What does Zabzebski mean by ‘cognitive contact with reality’?

Answer 3

-Good description of knowledge without having ti identify necessary and sufficient conditions
-‘Contact’ means believing it if you don’t believe it then you don’t know it as the truth has no overlap with it in your mind

Question 4

What is a counterexample for belief being necessary for knowledge? and a reply.

Answer 4

-someone knows there is life on other plants because they think its probable and scientists then prove later it’s true
-This doesn’t capture knowledge as these are just lucky belifes

Question 5

Why is justification necessary?

Answer 5

Knowledge is more than mere true belief. We should form our beliefs on basis of evidence and reasons

Question 6

Why is justification necessary for knowledge?

Answer 6

-Knowledge is more than mere true belief, this wouldn’t be parise worthy, as it’s simply luck
- We should form our beliefs on the basis of evidence and reason.

Question 7

Give an example where truth isn’t neccary for knowledge ane explain why it’s wrong.

Answer 7

• During the black plauge people ‘knew’ that miasma( ‘bad’ air) caused disease they had good reason e.g. things that smell bad made you ill)
  -Not knowledge !
  -Things cann’t simply be true for a group of people
• separate truth and justification they were justified just untrue