Enzymes

Question 1

Glycolysis

Answer 1

Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1); Stim: AMP, fructose-2,6-BP; Inhibit: ATP, citrate

Question 2

Gluconeogenesis

Answer 2

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (F-1,6-BP); Stim: ATP, Acetyl-CoA, Cortisol; Inhibit: AMP, fructose-2,6-BP

Question 3

TCA cycle

Answer 3

Isocitrate dehydrogenase; Stim: ADP; Inhibit: ATP, NADH

Question 4

Glycogen synthesis

Answer 4

Glycogen synthase; Stim: Glucose, insulin; Inhibit: Epi, glucagon

Question 5

Glycogenolysis

Answer 5

Glycogen phosphorylase; Stim: AMP, Epi, Glucagon; Inhibit: Insulin, ATP

Question 6

HMP shunt

Answer 6

glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD); Stim: NADP+; Inhibit: NADPH

Question 7

De novo pyrimidine synthesis

Answer 7

Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase II

Question 8

De novo purine synthesis

Answer 8

Glutamine-PRPP amidotransferase; Inhibit: AMP, IMP, GMP

Question 9

Urea cycle

Answer 9

Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I; Stim: N-acetylglutamate

Question 10

Fatty acid synthesis

Answer 10

Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase (ACC); Stim: Insulin, citrate; Inhibit: Glucagon, palmitoyl-CoA

Question 11

Fatty acid oxidation

Answer 11

Carnitine acyltransferase I; Inhibit: Malonyl-CoA

Question 12

Ketogensis

Answer 12

HMG-CoA synthase

Question 13

Cholesterol synthesis

Answer 13

HMG-CoA reductase; Stim: Insulin, thyroxine; Inhibit: Glucagon, cholesterol

Question 14

Heme synthesis

Answer 14

delta-aminolevulinic acid synthase (ALA synthase (aka ALAS)); Vitamin B6 is a cofactor

Question 15

Bile acid synthesis

Answer 15

7-alpha hydroxylase

Question 16

Allosteric activator of Gluconeogenesis

Answer 16

Acetyl-CoA - activates first step (Pyruvate -> oxaloacetate via Pyruvate Carboxylase) - this enzyme also requires BIOTIN