Drug reactions Flashcards
Coronary vasospasm
Cocaine, sumatriptan, ergot alkaloids
Cutaneous flushing
Vancomycin, Adenosine, Niacin, CCBs (“VANC”)
Dilated cardiomyopathy
Doxorubicin, Daunorubicin
Torsades de pointes
Class III (sotalol) and class IA (quinidine) anti-arrhythmics, QPIDDS - Quinidine, Procrainimide, Ibutilide, Dofetilide, Disopyramide, Sotalol
Agranulocytosis
Clozapine, Carbamazepine, Colchicine, Propylthiouracil (PTU), Methimazole, Dapsone, “Agranulocytosis Could Certainly Cause Pretty Major Damage,” Tx by stopping drug and giving G-CSF
Aplastic anemia
Chloramphenicol, benzene, NSAIDs, Propylthiouracil (PTU), Methimazole
Direct Coombs-positive hemolytic anemia
Methyldopa, PCN
Gray baby syndrome
Chloramphenicol
Hemolysis in G6PD-deficient patients
Isoniazid (INH), Sulfonamides, Primaquine, ASA, Ibuprofen, Nitrofurantoin; “Hemolysis IS PAIN”
MegaloBLASTic anemia
Phenytoin, MTX, Sulfa drugs; “Having a BLAST with PMS”
Thrombotic complications
OCPs (i.e. estrogens)
Cough
ACE-inhibitors
Pulmonary fibrosis
BLeomycin, Amiodarone, Busulfan; “It’s hard to BLAB when you have pulmonary fibrosis”
Acute cholestatic hepatitis, jaundice
Erythromycin
Focal to massive hepatic necrosis
Halothane, Aanita phalloides (found in poisonous mushrooms - inhibit RNA polymerase II, which dec mRNA synthesis), Valproic acid, Acetaminophen; “Liver ‘HAVAc’”
Hepatitis
INH, Pyrazinamide
Pseudomembranous colitis
Clindamycin, ampicillin
Adrenocortical insufficiency
Glucocorticoid withdrawal (HPA suppression)
Gynecomastia
Spironolactone, Digitalis, Cimetidine, chronic Alcohol use, estrogens, Ketoconazole, marajauna, heroin; “Some Drugs Create Awesome Knockers”
Hot flashes
Tamoxifen, clomiphene
Hyperglycemia
Niacin, tacrolimus, protease inhibitors, HCTZ, corticosteroids
Hypothyroidism
Lithium, amiodarone, sulfonamides
Fat redistribution
Glucocorticoids, protease inhibitors
Gingival hyperplasia
Phenytoin, verapamil, cyclosporine
Gout
Furosemide, thiazides, niacin, cyclosporine, pyrazinamide
Myopathies
Fibrates, Niacin, Colchicine, Hydroxychloroquine, Ifn-alpha, Penicillamine, Statins, Glucocorticoids; Fish N CHIPS Give you myopathies
Osteoporosis
Corticosteroids, heparin
Photosensitivity
Sulfonamides, Amiodarone, Tetracycline; “SAT for a photo”
Rash (Stevens-Johnson syndrome)
PCN, Ethosuximide, Carbamazepine, Sulfa drugs, Lamotrigine, Allopurinol, Phenytoin, Phenobarbitol; “bad rash after a PEC SLAPP” (ECLPP are seizure drugs)
SLE-like syndrome
Sulfonamides, Hydralazine, INH, Procainamide, Phenytoin; “SHIPP” linked to drugs that are metabolized via N-acetylation in liver (Phase 2)
Teeth (kids)
Tetracyclines
Tendonitis, tendon rupture, and cartilage damage
Fluoroquinalones
Diabetes Insipidus
Lithium, demeclocycline
Fanconi’s syndrome
Expired tetracycline
Hemorrhagic cystitis
Cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide (prevent by co-admin with mesna)
Interstitial nephritis
Methicillin, NSAIDs, furosemide
SIADH
Carbamazepine, cyclophosphamide
Cinchonism
Quinidine, quinine
Parkinson-like syndromes
Anti-psychotics, reserpine, metoclopramide
Seizures
INH, Buproprion, Impipenem/cilastatin, Tramadol, Enflurane, Metoclopramide; “with seizures, I BITE My tongue”
Tardive dyskinesia
Anti-psychotics
Anti-muscarinic
Atropine, TCAs, H1-blockers, neuroleptics
Disulfuram-like reaction
Metronidazole, certain cephalosporins, procarbazine, 1st-gen sulfonylureas
Nephrotoxicity/Ototoxicity
Aminoglycosides, Vancomycin, Loop diuretics, Cisplatin
Abx to avoid in pregnancy
Countless SAFe Moms Take Really Good Care; Clarithromycin (embryotoxic), Sulfonamides (kernicterus), Aminoglycosides (ototoxicity), Flouroquinalones (cartilage damage), Metronidazole (mutagenesis), Tetracyclines; (discolored teeth/inhibition of bone growth), Ribavirin (teratogenic), Griseofulvin (teratogenic), Chloramphenicol (“gray baby” sxr)
Serotonin syndrome
SSRIs, SNRIs, MAOIs, TCAs, Tramadol, Odansteron, Linezolid,Triptans