Enzymes Flashcards
what do Oxidoreductases do ?
Transfer electrons
What type of enzyme forms isomers (transfers groups within a molecule) ?
Isomerase
What type of enzyme enables hydrolysis ?
Hydrolase
What type of enzyme forms double bonds & adds groups to double bonds ?
Lyase
What does Isomerase do ?
Forms isomers (transfers groups within a molecules)
What do ligases do ?
Forms bonds via ATP splitting
What type of enzyme forms bonds via ATP splitting ?
Ligases
What type of enzyme transfers electrons ?
Oxidoreductase
What is desolvation
Where an enzyme loses hydrogen bonds
What is induced fit ?
Where a protein changes shape to induce a lock & key formation & a conformational change takes place when the substrate binds
Define ∆H
Enthalpy change: Change in potential energy (∆H must be negative for a reaction to take place)
Define ∆S
Entropy change: Change in disorder, the more disordered the more likely the reaction.
Name 3 ways enzymes lower the activation energy ?
Decrease entropy: Particles more aligned and less energy is required to collide.
Desolvation: Where weak H bonds between enzyme & substrate are replaced by strong H bonds between substrate and aqueous soloution
Induced fit: conformational changes in enzyme allow enzyme and substrate to bind.
What is happening at V0 ?
The reaction is at a steady state (initial reaction velocity) & ES is stable
What is Vmax & what does it tell us about the reaction ?
Vmax is the maximum reaction velocity where the enzyme is saturated with substrate. Vmax tells us how fast the reaction is.
