Carbs 1 Flashcards
Why are carbohydrates deemed a high energy source?
They contain high energy electrons (H atom associated)
How do carbohydrates provide structure within animal cells?
The make up the extra-cellular matrices of animal cells
What are Monosacharides ?
6 carbon hexoses (individual molecules)
Name 3 Monoscharides
Glucose
Galactose
Fructose
What is a Disaccharide ?
Formed from monomers (multiple Monosacharides stuck together) via Glycosidic bonds.
Name 3 Disaccharides
Maltose
Lactose
Sucrose
What is a Glycosidic bond ?
Hydroxl group + Carbon of monomer.
Which of the three main Disaccharides is reducing and non-reducing ?
Maltose-Reducing (can be oxidized)
Lactose-Reducing
Sucrose-Non-reducing
What are Polysaccharides ?
Very large molecules consisting of hundreds of monomers all connected to one another.
What are the two 2 types of Glucose polymer found in Starch ?
Amylose & Amylopectin
Combined what do Amylose & Amylopectin create ?
Alpha Helices
In what form is Carbohydrate stored in animals ?
Glycogen
Where is 90% of Glycogen stored in the human body ?
The liver
What is Glycogen’s purpose within skeletal muscle ?
To make ATP for energy for muscle
Why is Amylopectin & Glycogen easily broken down ?
They contain many non-reducing ends
