Carbs 2 Flashcards
In Glycogen synthesis, what enzyme extends the chain?
Glycogen Synthase
In Glycogen synthesis what enzyme breaks bonds & makes branch points ?
Glycogen-Branching Enzyme
In Glycogen degradation what enzyme removes the Glucose monomers from the non-reducing ends ?
Glycogen Phosphorylase
In Glycogen degradation what enzyme breaks the alpha 1-6 bond and adds it to the non-reducing end ?
De-branching enzyme
In Glycogen degradation what enzyme breaks off a free glucose ?
Glucosidase
How are carbohydrates broken down in the mouth ?
Amylase hydrolyses carbohydrate
In what part of the body is there no carbohydrate digestion ?
The stomach
Whats happens to carbohydrate in the Duodenum ?
Amylase works the same as it does in the mouth
What happens to the digestion of carbohydrates in the jejunum ?
Final digestion occurs
What is the name of the enzyme that hydrolyses & works in the Jejunum to break alpha 1-6 bonds
Isomaltase
What enzyme in the Jejunum removes Glucose from non-reducing ends
Glucoamylase
Name 2 other enzymes that work in the Jejunum to digest carbohydrates
Sucrase & lactase
Explain the process of absorption of Glucose through the epithelial lining of the intestine
1: Glucose & 2Na ions enter epithelial cell from intestine
2: 2K ions enter the cell from the blood stream
3: Glucose & 3 Na ions exit through the cell into the blood stream
What helps to maintain a low cellular Na ?
Na pump (allows glucose to be moved continuously through cells)
What are two natural sugars that cannot be digested by the gut ?
Cellulose & Hemicellulose
