Enzymes

Question 1

What is an enzyme

Answer 1

A protein that acts as a biological catalyst

Question 2

What is a catalyst

Answer 2

A substance which increases the speed of a reaction without being changed or used up in the reaction

Question 3

What are enzymes made up of

Answer 3

Large proteins

Question 4

What do enzymes have that they use for breaking apart substrates

Answer 4

Active sites

Question 5

How does an enzyme break apart a substrate

1. Every … has an a… s… with a unique … that fits onto the … involved in that …
2. For the enzyme to … the … has to … into its active …, if it doesn’t then the … won’t be …
3. They used the “… and key” … where the … fits into the active … where it is … to form …
4. The active … of an … changes … to fit the …, known as “… fit”
5. The … remains … after the …

Answer 5

1. Every enzyme has an active site with a unique shape that fits onto the substrate involved in that reaction
2. For the enzyme to work the substrate has to fit into its active site, if it doesn’t then the reaction won’t be catalysed
3. They used the “lock and key” method where the substrate fits into the active site where it is broken to form products
4. The active site of an enzyme changes slightly to fit the substrate, known as “induced fit”
5. The enzyme remains unchanged after the reaction

Question 6

Why do enzymes need the right temperature and pH

-changing the … changes the … of an …-catalysed …
-at first a … temp … the rate but when it becomes … hot some of the … holding the … together …
-this changes the … site becoming …, so that the … will no longer …
-all … have an … temp they work … at
-some … work best in … pH’s, … in the … works best at pH …

Answer 6

-changing the temp changes the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction
-at first a higher temp increases the rate but when it becomes too hot some of the bonds holding the enzyme together break
-this changes the active site becoming denatured, so that the substrate will no longer fit
-all enzymes have an optimum temp they work best at
-some enzymes work best in different pH’s, pepsin in the stomach works best at pH 2

Question 7

Rate of reaction formula to find how much something has changed

Answer 7

Rate = 1000/time

Question 8

Rate of reaction

Answer 8

amount of product formed/ time