Mitosis Flashcards
What does the nucleus contain?
The nucleus contains your genetic material in the form of chromosomes.
What are chromosomes?
coiled up lengths of DNA molecules.
What do chromosomes carry?
large numbers of genes.
What do different genes control?
the development of different characteristics, e.g. hair colour.
How many copies of each chromosome do body cells normally have?
two copies of each chromosome — one from the organism’s ‘mother’, and one from its ‘father’.
How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?
23 pairs
What is the cell cycle?
series of … that body … in multicellular … undergo to produce new … as part of g… and DNA …..
series of stages that body cells in multicellular organisms undergo to produce new cells as part of growth and DNA replication.
What is mitosis?
The stage when the cell divides
What do multicellular organisms use mitosis for?
to grow or replace cells that have been damaged.
What is the result of the cell cycle?
2 new identical daughter cells
What happens to DNA in a cell that’s not dividing?
In a cell that’s not dividing, the DNA is all spread out in long strings.
What must a cell do before it divides?
Before it divides, the cell has to grow and increase the amount of subcellular structures such as mitochondria and ribosomes.
What happens to DNA before cell division?
It duplicates its DNA — so there’s one copy for each new cell.
What do the duplicated DNA form?
The DNA is copied and forms X-shaped chromosomes.
What happens during mitosis?
The chromosomes line up at the centre of the cell and cell fibres pull them apart.
What forms around the sets of chromosomes during mitosis?
Membranes form around each of the sets of chromosomes, becoming the nuclei of the two new cells.
What happens to the cytoplasm during cell division?
Lastly, the cytoplasm and cell membrane divide.
What do the daughter cells contain?
The daughter cells contain exactly the same DNA — they’re identical.
