The lungs Flashcards
Where are the lungs
In the thorax
What is the thorax
The top part of your body
What separates the top half of your body from the second half
The diaphragm
What protect the lungs
The ribcage
What path does air go when it enters the body
-The air you breathe in goes through the trachea
-then splits into 2 tubes called the bronchi with each one going to each lung
What do bronchi split into
Bronchioles
Lung structure
-trachea
-bronchi
-bronchioles
-alveoli
Where does gas exchange take place in the lungs
The alveoli
What do the lungs contain millions of
Air sacs called alveoli
What are alveoli surrounded by
A network of blood capillaries
The blood passing the alveoli has just returned to the lungs from …
The rest of the body
How does gas exchange take place in the alveoli
-… passing next to the … has returned to the … from the rest of the …
—>so contains lots of …
-oxygen … out of the … (… conc) to the … (… conc)
-… diffuses out of the … (… conc) into the … (… conc) to be … out
-blood passing next to the alveoli has returned to the lungs from the rest of the body
—>so contains lots of CO2
-oxygen diffuses out of the alveolus (high conc) to the blood (low conc)
-CO2 diffuses out of the blood (high conc) into the alveolus (low conc) to be breathed out
How is oxygen and CO2 exchanged from body cells
-when the … reaches … cells … is released from the red … cells (… conc) and … into the … cells (… conc)
-at the same time … diffuses out of the … cells (… conc) into the … (… conc) to be … back to the …
-when the blood reaches body cells oxygen is released from the red blood cells (high conc) and diffuses into the body cells (low conc)
-at the same time CO2 diffuses out of the body cells (high conc) into the blood (low conc) to be carried back to the lungs
How are alveoli adapted to maximise diffusion
-large surface area, more area for diffusion
-moist lining, for dissolving gases
-thing walls, quicker diffusion
-good blood supply, maintains steep conc gradient
