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Micro 🦠 > Enveloped RNA Viruses > Flashcards

Enveloped RNA Viruses Flashcards

1
Q

Single-stranded – sense RNA viruses with segmented genome ?

A

Orthomyxoviruses (influenzaviruses)

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2
Q

They have non-segmented single-stranded RNA ?

A

Paramyxoviruses

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3
Q

What is the Structure of Orthomyxoviruses (influenzaviruses) ?

A 
1- Single-stranded – sense RNA viruses with  segmented genome
2- helical symmetry 
3- virus envelope (glycoprotein) : 
hemagglutinin (HA)
neuraminidase (NA)
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4
Q

What is the influenza that cause pandemics ?

A

influenza A

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5
Q

has wide host range & antigenically highly variable → antigenic shift→ pandemics ?

A

influenza A

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6
Q

based on core antigen is Subtypes according to ?

A

HA (16)& NA (9)

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7
Q

bind to sialic acid to enter the cell ?

A

hemagglutinin (HA)

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8
Q

penetrate the mucus &make the envelope ?

A

neuraminidase (NA)

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9
Q

antigenically highly variable ?

A

influenza A

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10
Q

human only pathogen ?

A

influenza B

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11
Q

antigenically stable ?

A

influenza C

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12
Q

human only pathogen, has minor antigenic changes→ antigenic drift ?

A

influenza B

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13
Q

antigenically stable, causes mild illness in immunocompetent individuals ?

A

influenza C

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14
Q

Antigenic shift: a major antigenic change due to ?

A

Genetic reassortment

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15
Q

Minor antigenic variation due to point mutation affects HA & NA ?

A

Antigenic drift

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16
Q

Orthomyxoviruses (influenzaviruses) is Transmitted by ?

A

droplet

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17
Q

What is the vaccine of Orthomyxoviruses (influenzaviruses) ?

A

Killed vaccine

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18
Q

Killed vaccine is very safe for all people including ?

A

pregnant

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19
Q

What is the Disease of Orthomyxoviruses (influenzaviruses) ?

A

1- Influenza

2- Avian influenza by H5N1 virus

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20
Q

What is the Complications of Orthomyxoviruses (influenzaviruses) ?

A

1- Pneumonia

2- Reye’s Syndrome

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21
Q

Reye’s Syndrome contains?

A

encephalopathy + liver degeneration

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22
Q

In the Avian influenza by H5N1 virus , the virus has scant receptor in ?

A

alveoli

23
Q

transmitted by close contact with diseased bird, rare human to human transmission ?

A

Avian influenza by H5N1 virus

24
Q

What is the structure of Paramyxoviruses ?

A

1- They have non-segmented single-stranded RNA
2- have helical symmetry
3- fusion (F) protein
4- They are antigenically stable

25
Q

What is the most important cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants ?

A

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

26
Q

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is Severe cases in children is treated by ?

A

Ribavirin aerosol

27
Q

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is ?

A

the most important cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants

28
Q

What is the common cause of respiratory diseases in infants and young adults ?

A

Human parainfluenza viruses 1,2,3,4

29
Q

HPIV-1 & HPIV-2 →cause ?

A

croup and barking cough

30
Q

HPIV-3 →cause ?

A

common cold +fever, pneumonia.

31
Q

HPIVs are second to RSV as a ?

A

common cause of respiratory diseases in infants and young adults.

32
Q

Mumps virus is spreads to ?

A

meninges and glands

33
Q

What is the Disease of Mumps virus ?

A

epidemic parotitis and aseptic meningitis

34
Q

What is the complication of Mumps virus ?

A

1-Pancreatitis
2- Oophoritis
3- Orchitis
4- sterility.

35
Q

What is the vaccine of Mumps virus ?

A

Mumps Vaccine within MMR(measles, mumps, rubella), type: live-attenuated

36
Q

What is the Mode of Transmission of Measles virus ?

A

air-borne =very contagious

37
Q

what is the Complications of Measles virus ?

A

1- pneumonia

2- Sub acute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE)

38
Q

What is the disease of Rubella virus ?

A

1- Postnatal Rubella (German Measles)

2- Congenital rubella syndrome→ caused by Togavirus

39
Q

What is the vaccine of Rubella virus ?

A

MMR vaccine

40
Q

MMR vaccine contains three live, attenuated viruses ?

A

1- Mumps
2- Measles
3- Rubella

41
Q

What is the Feature of Corona viruses ?

A

enveloped, RNA viruses with club-shaped surface spikes ( corona)

42
Q

The Severe acute respiratory syndrome of Corona viruses is by ?

A

SARS-CoV

43
Q

In the Corona viruses the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) is by ?

A

MERS-CoV

44
Q

What is the is the most important cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants and children <2 years ?

A

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

45
Q

In the Mumps virus the , the virus spreads to multiple tissues, including the ?

A

meninges and glands

46
Q

In the Mumps virus the Inflammation in infected tissues leads to characteristic symptoms of ?

A

parotitis and aseptic meningitis

47
Q

What is the complication of Mumps virus ?

A

1- Severe aseptic meningitis in adults.
2- Orchitis in adult males that may lead to sterility.
3- Pancreatitis
4- Oophoritis & thyroiditis.

48
Q

In the Mumps virus the ELISA is used for ?

A

detection of IgM

49
Q

Measles virus can also be spread by the ?

A

airborne route.

50
Q

koplik’s spots” in ?

A

Measles virus

51
Q

maculopapular rash appears all over the body in the ?

A

Measles virus

52
Q

ELISA is used for detection of IgM in the ?

A

1- Mumps virus

2- Measles virus

53
Q

In the measles virus the Live attenuated vaccine is given by injection to children at the age of ?

A

15 months

Micro 🦠 (41 decks)

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