Entomology Flashcards by Mia Daniella Cayas

Arthropods are ___% of all known species of animals

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It is the largest phylum of the Animal kingdom.

Phylum Arthropoda

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Arthros means____ and podos means ___; (poda=___).

joints, foot; feet

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are divisions or sections of the body and appendages,

Segments

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structure with one end attached to body and the other end is dangling

Appendages

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animals with jointed or segmented body and appendages

Arthropods

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Enumerate the five classification of Arthropoda

hexapoda (insects)
chelicerata
crustacea
Trilobitomorpha
Myriapoda

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They are a group of formerly numerous marine animals that disappeared in the Permian–Triassic extinction event,

TRILOBITOMORPHA

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These are terrestrial, fresh water or marine animals.

Respiration is by gills or tracheae

CRUSTACEA

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six classes of crustacea

Branchiopoda,
 Remipedia,
Cephalocarida,
 Maxillopda, 
Ostracoda, 
Malacostraca, 
Thylacocephala (an extinct group).

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Examples of Crustacea

barnacles, 
lobsters, 
crabs, 
crayfish, 
shrimp

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Terrestrial and air-breathing arthropods. Their body is made of many similar segments.

Myriapoda

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State the groups/families of myriapoda

Diplopoda,
Chilopoda,
Pauropoda,
Symphyla.

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Examples of myriapoda

millipedes,
centipedes,
symphylan,
Pauropus

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Their body is divisible into anterior prosoma (Cephalothorax), and posterior opisthosoma (Abdomen).

CHELICERATA

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Two classes of chelicerata

Merostomata (horseshoe crabs)

Arachnida (scorpions, mites, ticks, spiders).

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Arachnids have ____ body regions (head= _____ and abdomen)

2, cephalthorax

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slender waist separating the cephalothorax and the abdomen.

pedicel

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Difference between spiders and termites

Spiders have

cephalothorax (prosoma) and abdomen (opisthosoma) while mites have head: gnathosoma & abdomen: idisoma

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are terrestrial and aquatic arthropods.

HEXAPODA=INSECTA

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divided into 3 distinct regions (head, thorax, and abdomen). head with _ pairs of appendages. thorax with _ pairs of legs and
usually_ pair of wings.

5,3,2

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Insecta/hexapoda has a Body cavity that is _____. Heart is ______. Abdomen with up to one pair of appendages (cerci).

haemocoel, dorsal and tubular

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the dominant terrestrial animal life on Earth.

Insects

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There are well over _____ different known species of insects in the world, and some experts estimate that there might be as many as ______.

1 million, 10million

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how many body regions does crustacea have?

2 (cephalothorax, abdomen)

how many body regions does myriapoda have?

2 (head, body)

how many body regions does chelicerate have?

2 | cephalothorax, abdomen

how many body regions does hexapoda have?

3 | head, thorax, abdomen

No. of legs of crustacea

5-7 pairs

No. of legs of myriapoda

1-2 pairs per body segment

No. of legs of chelicerata

8 (=4 | pairs)

No. of legs of hexapoda

6 (= 3 | pairs)

No. & Kind of Eyes of crustacea

1 pair, compound

No. & Kind of Eyes of myriapoda

1 pair, compound

No. & Kind of Eyes of chelicerata

6-8 simple

No. & Kind of Eyes of insecta

2 | compound, 0-3 simple

No. of antennae of crustacea

2 pairs, | rarely 1 pair

No. of antennae of myriapoda

1 pair

No. of antennae of chelicerata

No. of antennae of hexapoda

1 pair

Miscellaneous structures of crustacea

Swimmerets, gills

Miscellaneous structures of myriapoda

Flat or Round body

Miscellaneous structures of chelicerata

Spinnerets (produce silk)

Miscellaneous structures of hexapoda

wings, most have, but not all, few can produce silk esp larvae

3 parts of thorax

prothorax, mesothorax,metathorax

It is a type of antenna that is pouch-like with a lateral bristle

aristate

It is a type of antenna that is two-sided comb

bipectinate

It is a type of antenna that is antenna abruptly clubbed | at the end

capitate

It is a type of antenna that is antenna gradually | clubbed at the end

clavate

It is a type of antenna that is thread-like shapes

filiform

It is a type of antenna that is fan-shaped

flabellate

It is a type of antenna that is hinged or bent like an elbow

geniculate

It is a type of antenna that is with plate-like structures | at the tip, called lamella

lamellate

It is a type of antenna that is bead-like

moniliform

It is a type of antenna that is comb-like

pectinate

It is a type of antenna that is feather-like shapes

plumose

It is a type of antenna that is saw-toothed shape

serrate

It is a type of antenna that is needle-like

setaceous

- also called mandibulate - well developed mandibles - ex: anay, beetle, ants

Chewing

Major parts of mouthpart

Labrum- upper lip Labium- lower lip Mandible- pangkagat Maxilla- control the food item

most beneficial since | it includes the honeybees

Hymenoptera

Distinguishing feature or character of the Orthoptera is the enlarged hind femur used for jumping.

ORTHOPTERA

Example of ORTHOPTERA

Citrus green grasshoppers, Locusts, Mole crickets

produce sounds by rubbing their body parts together called

stridulation

“urban pests” (7)

Diptera, Phthiraptera, Siphonaptera, Hemiptera, Blattodea, Coleoptera, Isoptera).

predators (6)

Neuroptera, Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Odonata, Diptera, Dermaptera

parasitoids

Hymenoptera, Diptera).

Seven orders important in agriculture | .they have insect pests that directly or indirectly cause significant yield losses

(Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, | Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Thysanoptera, Orthoptera, Diptera)

pterostigma in wings- darken area sa portion wings have large thorax= mahilig lumipad have elongated abdomen

ODONATA

``` Dorsoventrally Flattened dorso- likod ventral- opposite ng dorsal Shield-like pronotum -only insects that have flattened like a shield Fast runners Ex: Cockroaches ```

Blattodea

``` triangular head grasping forelegs "sexual cannibalism" -advantageous prolongs the mating process Ex: Mantids/praying mantis ```

MANTODEA

mantids are combined with the cockroaches and | the termites under the order ________

Dictyoptera

mimic the color of the environment. They are leaf or foliage feeders with a chewing type of mouthpart.

Phasmatodea

-forcep-like cerci at the tip of the abdomen. -The forewing is short, leathery, without venation and meet in a straight line down the back when at rest. -they live in the soil, bato, puno Ex: earwigs

DERMAPTERA

social insects, living in communal nests and having a division of labor among individuals. Ex: termites

Isoptera

right mandible is rudimentary and left is functional fringed wings ex: thrips

THYSANOPTERA

true bugs scutellum-triangular and large hemelytra ex: corn plant hopper

Hemiptera

Antlions and lacewings are medium to large sized insects. • a pair of membranous wings • wing venation is made up of numerous longitudinal and cross veins that gives a net-like appearance • antennae are clubbed and longer

NEUROPTERA

largest among the insect groups | ex Ladybird beetle, rhinocerus beetle

COLEOPTERA

second largest insect orders scaly wings & body pollen pollinators ex Moths, butterflies, and skippers

LEPIDOPTERA

Some members transmit diseases to man like mosquitoes, flies | ex: mosquitos and house flies

DIPTERA

presence of "waist" social insects 3rd largest insect order ex: bees, ants

HYMENOPTERA

silverfish and firebrats. They are primitively wingless or without evidence of winged ancestry

THYSANURA

long cerci (naka arms forward) adults are non-feeding & short lived forelegs projected forward ex: mayflies

EPHEMEROPTERA

- minute insects are commonly known as webspinners - small insects about 4-7 mm long and are rarely encountered. - known to be pests but decomposers and scavengers.

EMBIOPTERA

stoneflies. | They are also bioindicators of good water quality since they are sensitive to water pollution.

PLECOPTERA

very rare, minute insects less than 3 mm long which sometimes resemble termites. They have two adult forms, the wingless and the alate. ex

ZORAPTERA

booklice and barklice.

PSOCOPTERA

parasitic to both birds and mammals. They also occur in humans like the head, ex: pubic louse

PHTHIRAPTERA

They are external parasites of Diptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Orthoptera and Thysanoptera.

STREPSIPTERA

pincer-like copulatory organ at the tip of the male abdomen that resembles a stinging organ of a scorpion. they are predators. ex: scorpionfly

MECOPTERA

caddisflies are moth-like insects mouthparts of adults are rudimentary or undeveloped -Adults are short lived and rarely eat. They are also bioindicators of good water quality since they are sensitive to water pollution

TRICHOPTERA

ex: fleas | feed on blood of mammals or birds

SIPHONAPTERA