Endocrine System Flashcards
Define an endocrine gland
,
Secrete hormones into the bloodstream
Define an exocrine gland
Secrete Enzymes into organs or cavity via a duct
Sudoriferous glands
Exocrine hormone
Produces sweat to cool the body
Sebaceous gland
Exocrine gland
Secretes oil (sebum)
To lubricate the skin
Salivary Glands
Exocrine gland
Produces saliva
Digestive lubricant and helps to digest carbohydrates
Pancreas
98 %Exocrine gland & 2% endocrine
Produces insulin, glucagon, & pancreatic enzymes
Insulin : decrease sugar
Glucagon: increase sugar
Pancreatic enzyme : aids in digestion
Liver
Exocrine gland
Produces bile
Which emulsifies lipids from food ( breaks down fat)
Pituitary gland
Endocrine system
(MASTER GLAND)
Pineal Gland
Endocrine system
Produces melatonin
Controls the sleep cycle
Thyroid Gland
Endocrine system
Secretes : Thyroxine, Triodothryinine, and Calcitonin
Thyroxine & Triodothryinine regulate energy and metabolism
Calcintonin decreasees movement of calcium & phosphate in bones
Parathyroid Glands
Endocrine system
Produce the parathyroid hormone
Increases movement and regulate calcium in blood and the skeletal system
Adrenal Glands
Endocrine system
Produces: adrenaline , noadrenaline , & corticosteroids
Adrenaline and noadrenaline dilate the bronchial tree during stressful movements
Corticosteroids regulates, vitals and reduce inflammation
Testes
Endocrine system
Produces testosterone
Development of secondary sex characteristic
Ovaries
Endocrine system
Produces: Estrogen & Progesterone
Estrogen is the secondary sex characteristic that increases endometrial lining of the uterus
Progesterone stimulates mammary gland during menstrual cycle
steroids
Endocrine system
Enters the cells cytoplasm and binds to receptor molecules to create new proteins
Peptides
Endocrine system
Does not enter the cytoplasm but binds to receptor molecules on cell membrane to cause a chemical reaction
Thyroid Stimulating hormone (TSH)
From pituitary gland
Endocrine
stimulates thyroid to make its hormones
*you don’t want a high TSH
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH)
From the pituitary gland
Endocrine
Stimulates skin to produce melanin
Growth Hormone (GH)
From Pituitary gland
Endocrine
Controls skeletal growth and development
Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
From Pituitary gland
Endocrine
Stimulates adrenal glands
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
From pituitary gland
Endocrine
Decreases urine output
Oxytocin
Part of the pituitary gland
Endocrine
Causes uterine contractions & emotional bonding
Prolactin
From the pituitary gland
Endocrine
Stimulates mammary glands (alveoli) to produce milk
Gonadotropic Hormones (GH)
-Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
-Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
From the pituitary gland
Endocrine
Stimulates ovaries/testes to make sex hormones
