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A & P: 2 > Digestive system > Flashcards

Digestive system Flashcards

1
Q

How many cavities connect to the pharynx

A

7

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2
Q

List the 7 cavities that connect to the pharynx

A

1-2 tympanic cavitites
3-4 nasal cavities
oral cavity
Larynx
Esophagus

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3
Q

Label the picture

A
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4
Q

Which bowel diameter is bigger

A

large bowel is greater in diameter

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5
Q

Which bowel is longer in length

A

Small bowel has a greater length (25 inches) than large bowel (5 inches)

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6
Q

How is large bowel located

A

peripherally

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7
Q

How is small bowel located

A

centrally

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8
Q

What are the pouch like markings called in large bowel

A

haustral

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9
Q

Discuss the salivary gland

A

-An exocrine gland
-Produces saliva (1.5 liters per day)
-Has 3 paired gland ( parotid, submandibular, sublingual)

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10
Q

Discuss the liver

A

-Located in the RUQ under semi diaphragm
-Largest solid organ
-Produces bile to break down ingested fats

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11
Q

Discuss the Gall bladder

A

-Located in the RUQ under the liver
-Stores bile from liver until needed

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12
Q

Discuss the pancreas

A

-The head is within the C loop of the duodenum
-The tail extends behind the stomach
-Produces insulin to break down sugar and other enzymes

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13
Q

Where is the esophagus located

A

Lies behind the mid axillary pane of chest
Posterior to trachea and heart
Anterior to thoracic aorta

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14
Q

Where is the stomach and its different parts located

A

Most of stomach is anterior
Fundus is most posterior
Lower body is most anterior
Pylorus starts to turn posterior

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15
Q

Where is the duodenum located

A

Most of duodenum is posterior
The rest is everywhere

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16
Q

The cecum and colon are located where

A

posterior

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17
Q

The transverse colon is located where

A

Anterior

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18
Q

The descending colon is located where

A

Posterior

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19
Q

The sigmoid Colon is located where

A

Anterior

20
Q

Define peritoneum

A

Double walled membrane lining surrounding many abdominal organs to create a peritoneal cavity

21
Q

What are the 2 layers of the peritoneum

A

Parietal (outer lining )
Visceral ( Inner lining )

22
Q

Define mesentery

A

Small portion of peritoneum that fully surrounds the bowel
4 laters where peritoneum attach ti itself
Where the membranes meet

23
Q

Define the Omentum

A

Portion of the peritoneum that extends fro stomach to another organ

Like a sheet

24
Q

Discuss the greater omentum

A

Extends from stomach to lie as a loose flap over abdomen

No inferior attatchment

25
Q

Discuss the lesser omentum

A

Extends from liver to stomach

26
Q

Discuss the greater sac

A

part of peritoneal cavity inferior to stomach
largest portion of cavity

27
Q

Discuss the lesser sac

A

part of peritoneal cavity that lies posterior to stomach and inside greater omentum

28
Q

What does intraperitoneal mean

A

within the peritoneal cavity

29
Q

What does retroperitoneal mean

A

located behind the peritoneal cavity

30
Q

What does infra peritoneal mean

A

Located beneath the peritoneal cavity

31
Q

What are the 3 forms of digestion

A

Mechanical
chemical
absorption

32
Q

Discuss mechanical digestion

A

process of moving and mixing substances

33
Q

Discuss chemical digestion

A

process of breaking down into simpler components aided by enzymes

34
Q

Discuss absorption

A

process of transferring substances from digestive tract into blood stream

35
Q

What is mastication

A

chewing

36
Q

What is deglutition

A

swallowing

37
Q

What is peristalsis

A

wave like contraction to push the bolus forward

38
Q

What is churning

A

mixing substances together into semi solid mass called chyme

39
Q

What is rhythmic segmentation

A

breaking up larger food bolus into smaller groups and then remixing the groups

40
Q

What is haustral churning

A

special type of churning in large bowel

41
Q

What is mass peristalsis

A

peristalsis in large bowel

42
Q

What is defecation

A

elimination of solid waste

43
Q

Discuss carbohydrates

A

Broken down into simple sugars for an energy source

The excessive produced glucose is stored in cells as glycogen which is stored in the liver and muscle

44
Q

Discuss proteins

A

Broken down into amino acids to help build structure

45
Q

Discuss fats

A

Broken into fatty acids and glycerol which are stored in adipose cells for future energy

Fatty acids in glycerol are rebuilt in the liver as triglycerides

46
Q

What substances are ingested but not chemically ingested

A

Vitamins
Minerals
water (H_20)

47
Q

What are the 4 classes of body habitus

A

Hypersthenic (5%)
Sthenic (50%)
Hyposthenic (35%)
Asthenic (10%)

A & P: 2 (17 decks)

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