Digestive C Test Flashcards
What is the common passage way for AIR & FOOD
Nasopharynx (behind nasal cavity to soft plate )
Oropharynx ( soft plate to epiglottis)
Laryngopharynx ( epiglottis to larynx )
What are tonsils
Lymphatic tissue that protest against ingestedand inhaled pathogens
What are the 3 tonsils and their locations
Palatine ( oropharynx)
Lingual ( oropharynx)
Adenoids ( nasopharynx )
Where is the esophagus located
Larynx to stomach
C6-T11
POSTERIOR to trachea and heart
ANTERIOR to thoracic aorta
Where is the stomach located
LUQ
What does the stomach do
Mix food
Break down nutrients
What is the most posterior portion of the stomach
Fundus
What part of the stomach starts to turn posterior
Pylorus
What is the Cardiac notch
Where the stomach and esophagus meet
What is the cardiac sphincter
Opening from esophagus into stomach
What is the angular notch
Separates the stomach body from pylorus
Define the duodenum
C shaped that surrounds
Pancreas
Where does absorption happen
Jejunum of small bowel
What is the most narrow part of small bowel
The ileum
What is the most proximal part of large bowel
The cecum
RLQ
Where is the sigmoid located
LLQ
What is the most distal part of the large bowel
The rectum
Which bowel has a greater diameter
Large bowel
How is large bowl located within the body
Peripherally
Which bowel is longer in length
Small bowel
How is small bowel located within the body
Centrally
Which bowel has haustral markings
Large bowel
How are haustral markings formed
Repeating bands of smooth muscle
What are the 3 salivary glands
Partotid
Submandibular
Sublingual
Where does the parotid salivary gland drain
The parotid duct
Where does the submandibular salivary gland drain
The submandibular duct ( under tongue )
Where does the sublingual salivary gland drain
Sublingual duct under the tongue
What does the liver do
Produces bile to break down ingested fats
What does the pancreas do
Produces insulin to break down sugars and enzymes which aid digestion
The cecum is
Posterior
The ascending colon is
Posterior
The transverse colon is
Anterior
Descending colon is
Posterior
Sigmoid colon is
Anterior
The rectum is
Posterior
What is a double walled membraned lining
The peritoneum
What extends from the stomach to other organ areas
The Omentum
Which sac is inferior to stomach and largest portion
Greater sac
Which sac is posterior not the stomach and inside the greater omentum
Lesser sac
Define intraperitoneal
Within the cavity
Retro peritoneal
Behind the cavity
Infraperitoneal
Inferior to the cavity
How is the stomach and GB located in a sthenic person
Stomach is J shaped
GB is @L2
How is the stomach and GB located in a asthenic person
Stomach is vertical and narrow
GB lower and medial than L2
How is the stomach and GB located in a hypersthenic person
Stomach lies more transverse
GB higher that L2 and lateral
What are the 3 forms of digestion
Mechanical
Chemical
Absorption
Define mechanical digestion
Mixing and moving substances down the digestive tract
Define chemical digestion
Breaking down substance into smaller ones
Define absorption
Transferring from digestive tract to blood stream
What is mastication
Chewing
What deglutition
Swallowing
What is peristalsis
Contracting to push food bolus
What is churning
Mixing substances together
What is rhythmic segmentation
Breaking up the food bolus into smaller groups
What is haustral churning
Special churning in the large bowel
What is mass peristalsis
Peristalsis through large bowel
What is defecation
Eliminate waste
What are the 4 steps of deglutition
- Tongue pushes food bolus to back of oropharynx
- Soft palate closes nasopharynx
- Epiglottis closes off larynx
- Respiration is inhibited
Carbs are broken down into what
Glucose and glactose
Where is excessive glucose stored
Liver and muscle cells as glycogen
What are proteins broken into
Amino acids to help build structure
What are lipids broken into
Fatty acids and glycerol
Stored in adipose cells
What are fatty acids rebuilt as
Triglycerides
What nutrients are not chemically ingested
Water
Minerals
Vitamin
