Endocrine Organs/ Hormones Flashcards
What are the endocrine organs?
Hypothalamus Pituitary (ant & post) Pineal Thyroid Parathyroid Thymus Adrenals (cortex & medulla) Pancreas Gonads (testes & ovaries)
Hypothalamus secretions?
GnRH (gonadotropin releasing hormone) GHRH (growth hormone releasing hormone) TRH (thyrotropin releasing hormone) SS (somatostatin) CRH (corticotropin releasing hormone) PIH (prolactin inhibiting hormone) PRH (prolactin releasing hormone)
Anterior pituitary secretions?
FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) LH (luteinizing hormone) TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) GH (growth hormone) PRL (prolactin)
Posterior pituitary secretions?
ADH (antidiuretic hormone)
Oxytocin
Pineal gland secretions?
Melatonin
Thyroid secretions?
T4 (thyroxine)
T3 (triiodothyronine)
Calcitonin
Parathyroid secretions?
PTH (parathyroid hormone)
Thymus secretions?
Thymosine
Adrenal cortex secretions?
3 layers (think): secretes
Glomerulosa (salty): aldosterone (mineralcorticoids)
Fasciculata (sugar): cortisols (glucocorticoids)
Rreticulan (sex): DHEA (weak androgens)
Adrenal medulla secretions?
catecholamines: EPI & NOREPI
think adrenaline & noradrenaline
Pancreas secretions?
Insulin
Glucagon
Testes secretions?
Testosterone
Ovary secretions?
Estrogen
Progesterone
GnRH (name, secreted from, does what)
Gonadotropin releasing hormone
Hypothalamus (tropic)
Increase LH and FSH secretions from ant pit
GHRH (name, secreted from, does what)
Growth hormone releasing hormone
Hypothalamus (tropic)
Increase GH secretions from ant pit
TRH (name, secreted from, does what)
Thyrotropin releasing hormone
Hypothalamus (tropic)
Increase TSH secretions from ant pit
SS (name, secreted from, does what)
Somatostatin
Hypothalamus (tropic)
Decrease GH and TSH secretions from ant pit
CRH (name, secreted from, does what)
Corticotropin releasing hormone
Hypothalamus (tropic)
Increase ACTH secretions from ant pit
PIH (name, secreted from, does what)
Prolactin inhibiting hormone
Hypothalamus (tropic)
Decrease PRL secretions from ant pit
PRH (name, secreted from, does what)
Prolactin releasing hormone
Hypothalamus (tropic)
Increase PRL secretions from ant pit
FSH (name, secreted from, does what)
Follicle stimulating hormone
Ant Pit (tropic)
Increase estrogen secretion (females)
Increase spermatogenesis (males)
LH (name, secreted from, does what)
Luteinizing hormone
Ant Pit (tropic)
Increase progesterone secretion & oogenesis/ ovulation (females)
Increase testosterone secretion (males)
TSH (name, secreted from, does what)
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Ant pit (tropic)
Increase growth of thyroid and secretion of T3 & T4
ACTH (name, secreted from, does what)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Ant Pit (tropic)
Increase growth of adrenal cortex and secretion of hormones
GH (name, secreted from, does what)
Growth hormone
Ant Pit
Increase growth and fat metabolism
Increase blood sugar
PRL (name, secreted from, does what)
Prolactin
Ant Pit
Breast development and milk production by mammary glands
ADH (name, secreted from, does what)
Antidiuretic hormone
Post Pit
Increase water reabsorption at DCT & Collecting duct
Oxytocin (name, secreted from, does what)
Post Pit
Uterine contraction during childbirth
Milk ejection during lactation
Melatonin (name, secreted from, does what)
Pineal Gland
Biological clock
Diurnal cycle (day/ night)
Menstrual cycle
T4 (name, secreted from, does what)
Thyroxine
Thyroid
Precursor to T3
T3 (name, secreted from, does what)
Triiodothyronine
Thyroid
Regulates cell metabolism and growth
Calcitonin (name, secreted from, does what)
Thyroid
Decrease blood calcium levels by promoting osteoblastic activity (blood to bone)
PTH (name, secreted from, does what)
Parathyroid hormone
Parathyroid
Increase blood calcium levels by promoting oseteoclastic activity and release of calcitrol (active vitamin D) from kidneys or increase gut absorption of calcium
Thymosin (name, secreted from, does what)
Thymus
Development/ maturation of T cells
Aldosterone (name, secreted from, does what)
Mineralcorticoid
Adrenal Cortex: Glomerulosa layer
Increase sodium reabsorption from DCT & collecting duct,
Increase water retention
Cortisol (name, secreted from, does what)
Glucocorticoid Adrenal Cortex: Fasciculata layer Stress response that increases fat metabolism Decrease immune/ inflammation Increase injury repair
DHEA (name, secreted from, does what)
Weak androgen
Adrenal Cortex: Reticularis layer
Weak steroidal sex hormones needed for sex development
Epi/ Norepi (name, secreted from, does what)
Adrenaline/ Noradrenaline
Adrenal Medulla
Prolongs/ enhances sympathetic nervous system response (increase flight or fight)
Insulin (name, secreted from, does what)
Pancreas
Decrease blood sugar by putting glucose primarily into liver, muscles
Glucagon (name, secreted from, does what)
Pancreas
Increase blood sugar by releasing glyocgen stores from liver and promoting gluconeogenesis (liver making glucose from non-sugars)
Testosterone (name, secreted from, does what)
Gonads: Testes
Increase growth and maintenance of male sex organs/ characteristics
Estrogen (name, secreted from, does what)
Gonads: Ovaries
Increase growth and maintenance of female sex organs/ characteristics
Progesterone (name, secreted from, does what)
Gonads: Ovaries
Promotes frowth of uterine lining
