Endocrine Organs/ Hormones Flashcards by Maggie McShane

What are the endocrine organs?

Hypothalamus
Pituitary (ant & post)
Pineal
Thyroid
Parathyroid
Thymus
Adrenals (cortex & medulla)
Pancreas
Gonads (testes & ovaries)

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Hypothalamus secretions?

GnRH (gonadotropin releasing hormone)
GHRH (growth hormone releasing hormone)
TRH (thyrotropin releasing hormone)
SS (somatostatin)
CRH (corticotropin releasing hormone)
PIH (prolactin inhibiting hormone)
PRH (prolactin releasing hormone)

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Anterior pituitary secretions?

FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)
LH (luteinizing hormone)
TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone)
ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone)
GH (growth hormone)
PRL (prolactin)

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Posterior pituitary secretions?

ADH (antidiuretic hormone)

Oxytocin

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Pineal gland secretions?

Melatonin

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Thyroid secretions?

T4 (thyroxine)
T3 (triiodothyronine)
Calcitonin

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Parathyroid secretions?

PTH (parathyroid hormone)

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Thymus secretions?

Thymosine

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Adrenal cortex secretions?

3 layers (think): secretes
Glomerulosa (salty): aldosterone (mineralcorticoids)
Fasciculata (sugar): cortisols (glucocorticoids)
Rreticulan (sex): DHEA (weak androgens)

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Adrenal medulla secretions?

catecholamines: EPI & NOREPI

think adrenaline & noradrenaline

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Pancreas secretions?

Insulin

Glucagon

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Testes secretions?

Testosterone

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Ovary secretions?

Estrogen

Progesterone

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GnRH (name, secreted from, does what)

Gonadotropin releasing hormone
Hypothalamus (tropic)
Increase LH and FSH secretions from ant pit

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GHRH (name, secreted from, does what)

Growth hormone releasing hormone
Hypothalamus (tropic)
Increase GH secretions from ant pit

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TRH (name, secreted from, does what)

Thyrotropin releasing hormone
Hypothalamus (tropic)
Increase TSH secretions from ant pit

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SS (name, secreted from, does what)

Somatostatin
Hypothalamus (tropic)
Decrease GH and TSH secretions from ant pit

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CRH (name, secreted from, does what)

Corticotropin releasing hormone
Hypothalamus (tropic)
Increase ACTH secretions from ant pit

PIH (name, secreted from, does what)

Prolactin inhibiting hormone
Hypothalamus (tropic)
Decrease PRL secretions from ant pit

PRH (name, secreted from, does what)

Prolactin releasing hormone
Hypothalamus (tropic)
Increase PRL secretions from ant pit

FSH (name, secreted from, does what)

Follicle stimulating hormone
Ant Pit (tropic)
Increase estrogen secretion (females)
Increase spermatogenesis (males)

LH (name, secreted from, does what)

Luteinizing hormone
Ant Pit (tropic)
Increase progesterone secretion & oogenesis/ ovulation (females)
Increase testosterone secretion (males)

TSH (name, secreted from, does what)

Thyroid stimulating hormone
Ant pit (tropic)
Increase growth of thyroid and secretion of T3 & T4

ACTH (name, secreted from, does what)

Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Ant Pit (tropic)
Increase growth of adrenal cortex and secretion of hormones

GH (name, secreted from, does what)

Growth hormone Ant Pit Increase growth and fat metabolism Increase blood sugar

PRL (name, secreted from, does what)

Prolactin Ant Pit Breast development and milk production by mammary glands

ADH (name, secreted from, does what)

Antidiuretic hormone Post Pit Increase water reabsorption at DCT & Collecting duct

Oxytocin (name, secreted from, does what)

Post Pit Uterine contraction during childbirth Milk ejection during lactation

Melatonin (name, secreted from, does what)

Pineal Gland Biological clock Diurnal cycle (day/ night) Menstrual cycle

T4 (name, secreted from, does what)

Thyroxine Thyroid Precursor to T3

T3 (name, secreted from, does what)

Triiodothyronine Thyroid Regulates cell metabolism and growth

Calcitonin (name, secreted from, does what)

Thyroid | Decrease blood calcium levels by promoting osteoblastic activity (blood to bone)

PTH (name, secreted from, does what)

Parathyroid hormone Parathyroid Increase blood calcium levels by promoting oseteoclastic activity and release of calcitrol (active vitamin D) from kidneys or increase gut absorption of calcium

Thymosin (name, secreted from, does what)

Thymus | Development/ maturation of T cells

Aldosterone (name, secreted from, does what)

Mineralcorticoid Adrenal Cortex: Glomerulosa layer Increase sodium reabsorption from DCT & collecting duct, Increase water retention

Cortisol (name, secreted from, does what)

``` Glucocorticoid Adrenal Cortex: Fasciculata layer Stress response that increases fat metabolism Decrease immune/ inflammation Increase injury repair ```

DHEA (name, secreted from, does what)

Weak androgen Adrenal Cortex: Reticularis layer Weak steroidal sex hormones needed for sex development

Epi/ Norepi (name, secreted from, does what)

Adrenaline/ Noradrenaline Adrenal Medulla Prolongs/ enhances sympathetic nervous system response (increase flight or fight)

Insulin (name, secreted from, does what)

Pancreas | Decrease blood sugar by putting glucose primarily into liver, muscles

Glucagon (name, secreted from, does what)

Pancreas Increase blood sugar by releasing glyocgen stores from liver and promoting gluconeogenesis (liver making glucose from non-sugars)

Testosterone (name, secreted from, does what)

Gonads: Testes | Increase growth and maintenance of male sex organs/ characteristics

Estrogen (name, secreted from, does what)

Gonads: Ovaries | Increase growth and maintenance of female sex organs/ characteristics

Progesterone (name, secreted from, does what)

Gonads: Ovaries | Promotes frowth of uterine lining