Endocrine Flashcards
Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis; for tx of hyper-thyroidism
SE: N&V, rash, diarrhea; agranulocytosis (rare); hypothyroidism. May be used prior to thyroidectomy
G propylthiouracil (PTU) B
Class: Anti-thyroid agent
For growth hormone replacement therapy (in child or adult)
SE: hypersensitivity; hyperglycemia, insulin resistance.
Expensive
G somatropin (human GH) B Humatrope
Class: Anterior pituitary growth hormone
Used in preparation for thryoidectomy, causes â thyroid vascularity,âthyroid activity
SE: H/A, metallic taste, burning sensation in mouth; can stain teeth so use straw. Dilute in juice or water before adm; adm after meals
G strong potassium iodine solution
B Lugol’s solution
Class: Anti-thyroid agent
Short duration Onset: 15 min Peak: 30-90 mins Duration: 3-5 hours SE: hyper-sensitivity; hypoglycemia; lipodystrophy. Subcutaneously; give 5-10 min before meals. Refrigerated. Dosed in Units. 100units/ml Used in insulin pumps.
G lispro
B HumaLOG
Class: Insulin; Rapid acting
Short duration
Onset: 30-60 mins
Peak: 2-4 hours
Duration: 6-8 hours
SE: hypersensitivity; hypoglycemia; lipodystrophy. Subcutaneously, give within 30 min of meals; available in IV (only type in this form)
RefrigeratedDosed in Units 100units/ml
**NOTE U-500 insulin exists (500 units/ml) DO NOT CONFUSE!!!
G regular insulin
B HumuLIN R
Class: Insulin; Short-acting (slower than rapid acting)
Control between meals, overnight
Onset: 1-3 hours
Peak: 8 hours. Duration: 12-16 hours. SE: hypersensitivity; hypoglycemia; lipodystrophy
Subcutaneously, usually given twice daily (ac breakfast & ac supper); gently agitate vial before use
G NPH insulin
B HumuLIN N
Class: Insulin; Intermediate acting
Steady release w/no peak
Onset: 1 hour. Peak: Peakless. Duration: 20-26. SE: hypersensitivity; hypoglycemia; lipodystrophy. Subcutaneously give once daily at same time; do not mix w/other insulins.
G glargine insulin
B Lantus
Class: Insulin; Long acting
Decreases hepatic glucose production from stored glycogen, increases glucose uptake by muscles. SE: N&V, diarrhea; lactic acidosis (rare). Hold Glucophage (metformin) for 48 hours after receiving IV contrast.
G metFORMIN
B Glucophage
Class: Oral hypoglycemic/ anti-diabetic (biguanide)
2nd generation sulfonylurea;
For tx of hypoaldosteronism w/ related Na+ & water loss & K+ retention; Promotes insulin secretion by pancreas & tissue response to insulin. SE: hypoglycemia
Use caution in patients with a sulfa allergy.
G glipiZIDE
B Glucotrol
Class: Oral hypoglycemic/ anti-diabetic (sulfonylurea)
ADH replacement, tx of diabetes insipidus (& its related fluid loss)
SE: vasoconstriction (may be adjunct in CPR); poss. water intoxication w/H/A, seizures if excessive anti-diuretic effect causes excessive fluid retention
Administered IV or intranasal
Also tx for bedwetting.
G vasopressin
B Pitressin
Class: Posterior pituitary hormone (ADH)
Raises blood glucose levels by increasing hepatic glucose production from stored glycogen;
SE: n/v. For Subcutaneously, IM, or IV use; for tx of insulin overdose, acute hypoglycemia.
G glucagon
B
Class: Pancreatic hormone
Some mineral corticoid activity; For tx of adrenal insufficiency, including Addison’s disease (also anti-inflammatory in lg doses)
SE: none in replacement low doses
G hydrocortisone
B Cortef, Solu-CORTEF
Class: Steroid (Glucocorticosteroid)
Some glucocorticoid activity
SE: edema, hypertension
G fludrocortisone
B Florinef
Class: Steroid (Mineral corticosteroid)
Tx of hypothyroidism; tx is usually lifelong. SE: wt loss, diarrhea, H/A, nervousness, hypertension, tachycardia. Best taken before breakfast; takes a wks for therapeutic effects.
G levothyroxine
B Synthroid
Class: Synthetic thyroid hormone
Promotes Ca+ absorption, will increase Ca+ bld levels; for management of hypocalcemia; For tx of hypoparathyroidism
SE: hyper-sensitivity; excessive dosing can cause hypercalcemia w/weakness, abd pain.
G calcitriol
B Rocaltrol
Class: Vit D analogue
