Cancer Meds Flashcards
Slow release (every 12 hr around the clock PO dosing. SE: constipation, respiratory depression (if R
G oxyCODONE B OxyCONTIN (sustained release)
Class: Analgesic (Opioid)
Tx of severe pain; Duragesic is transdermal patch form. SE:constipation, respiratory depression. Schedule II
Reverse with naloxone (Narcan)
G fentaNYL B Duragesic (patch)
Class: Analgesic (Opioid)
Prevention of acute & delayed CINV; enhanced effects w dexamethasone, ondansetron. SE: dizziness, weakness; diarrhea. PO; Administer prior to chemotherapy & days following.
G aprepitant
B Emend
Class: Antiemetic
Prevent acute & delayed N&V associated w/chemo-therapy (also used for post-op N&V). SE: H/A, dizziness, diarrhea. PO, IV; IM Give prior to chemotherapy & hours following; also used for post-op N&V.
G ondansetron
B Zofran
Class: Antiemetic
CINV, Can also be appetite stimulant in tx for AIDS. SE: dry mouth; drowsiness; impaired thinking. Schedule III
PO; taken before & for 24 hrs after chemo.
G Dronabinol
B Marinol
Class: Antiemetic (for CINV).
Damage cancer cell DNA to prevent reproduction of cancer cell. Not phase-specific; work in all phases of the cell cycle. Used to treat many different cancers, including leukemia, lymphoma, Hodgkin disease, multiple myeloma, & sarcoma, as well as cancers of the lung, breast, & ovary. SE: N&V, stomatitis, alopecia; bone marrow suppression w/â RBCs, WBCs & platelets; hemorrhagic cystitis. Chemo precautions: Wear special gloves & gowns when preparing & administering chemo. Patient should continue all precautions for 48 hours after the chemo: Avoid contact with urine, feces, & vomit. Flush the toilet twice after each use. If possible use a separate toilet. Wipe around the edges of the toilet to clean any splashes. Carefully pour emesis into the toilet & flush twice. Thoroughly rinse the bucket or pan with hot soapy water & dry with a disposable paper towel. Discard the paper towel right away. Do not use a regular dish cloth or tea towel. Chemo can be found in vaginal secretions & sperm; must use a condom during sexual intercourse for the first 48 hours after the last dose of chemotherapy.
G cyclophosphamide
B Cytoxan
Class: Chemotherapeutic agent
(Alkylating agent)
Damage cancer cell DNA to prevent reproduction of cancer cell. Not phase-specific; work in all phases of the cell cycle. Used to treat many different cancers, including leukemia, lymphoma, Hodgkin disease, multiple myeloma, & sarcoma, as well as cancers of the lung, breast, & ovary. SE: N&V, stomatitis, alopecia; bone marrow suppression w/â RBCs, WBCs & platelets; peripheral neuropathy; ototoxicity. Chemo precautions
G CISplatin
B Platinol
Class: Chemotherapeutic agent
(Alkylating-like platinum compound)
Interfere with DNA & RNA growth by substituting for the normal building blocks of RNA & DNA. Damage cancer cells during the S phase. Used to treat leukemias, cancers of the breast, ovary, & the intestinal tract, as well as other types of cancer. Lower doses if for immunosuppression (such as rheumatoid arthritis). SE: N&V, stomatitis, alopecia, bone marrow suppression; GI ulceration, lung fibrosis; nephrotoxicity (larger doses for chemotherapy). Chemo precautions.
G methotrexate
B
Class: Chemotherapeutic agent (Antimetabolite).
Interfere with enzymes involved in DNA replication. Work in all phases of the cell cycle. Used for a variety of cancers. SE: N&V, stomatitis, alopecia; bone marrow suppression; skin blistering, pinkish urine; cardiotoxicity (dyspnea, cough, peripheral edema, other CHF S/S). Chemo precaution.Can permanently damage the heart if given in high doses. Lifetime dose limits are often placed on these drugs.
G DOXOrubicin
B Adriamycin
Class: Chemotherapeutic agent
(Anti-tumor antibiotic)
Work during the M phase of the cell cycle but can damage cancer cells in all phases. Used to treat many different types of cancer including breast, lung, myelomas, lymphomas, & leukemias. Bone marrow sparing SE: N&V, alopecia, peripheral neuropathy. Chemo precautions Potential to cause peripheral nerve damage, this can be a dose-limiting side effect.
G vinCRIStine
B Oncovin
Class: Chemotherapeutic agent
(Mitotic inhibitor).
Tx of some lymphomas & leukemias (inhibits mitosis); also used prior to other chemotherapy to â sensitivity reactions, â N&V; stimulates appetite á doses for anti-CA effects. SE: á risk of infection, impaired wound healing, GI ulcers, osteoporosis, hyperglycemia, fragile skin; muscle weakness; á sense of well being early in tx, then mood chgs.
G dexamethasone
B Decadron
Class: Corticosteroid
Used for breast CA when tumor is estrogen-receptor positive. SE: N&V, hot flashes, irregular menses; á risk of uterine CA.
G tamoxifen
B Nolvadex
Class: Estrogen blocker (hormone antagonist)
Mainly used for CA of prostate (decreases androgen production) but also for tx of some breast CAs, endometriosis. SE: in men à á testosterone initially w/ á of CA S/S, then â testosterone prod; may cause bone pain; osteoporosis; urinary obstruction.
G leuprolide
B Lupron
Class: Gonadotropin releasing hormone.
Biologic response modifier Stimulates RBC production. SE: joint aches; H/A, á BP; thrombotic events (MI, stroke) if hemoglobin >12 g/dl.
G epoetin alfa
B Epogen
Class: Hematopoietic growth factor
Biologic response modifier Stimulates WBC production. SE: bone aches, leukocytosis.
G filgrastim
B Neupogen
Class: Hematopoietic growth factor
