'15: In which of the following would secondary sexual characteristics fail to develop? 1. Those who underwent castration 2. Those with damaged seminiferous tubules but intact leydig cells

1. Those who underwent castration

Endo 3rd yr - (repro) Flashcards by Susan w

‘16: What’s the main feature of Leydig cells?

A- Basophilic cytoplasm 
B- Foamy high lipid content 
C- Rough endoplasmic reticulum
D- Controlled by FSH

B- Foamy high lipid content 

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

‘16: A 22 y/o old female who failed to have pregnancy after 2 years of unprotected intercourse. What would give her an anovulatory menstrual cycle?

PCOS

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

‘16: What is the cause of failure to complete sexual maturation in Klinefelter syndrome ?

Testosterone release by Leydig cell

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

‘16: XX female presented with ambiguous genitalia, hyperplasia of both adrenals, What is the mechanism of the condition?

Enzymatic defect

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

‘16: What is the main source of estrogen in the fetus?

Placenta (main estrogen in pregnancy = estriol)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

‘16: secrete testosterone:

A- Sertoli cells 
B- Leydig cells 
C- Theca leutia 
D- Granulosa cells 
E- Theca interna

B- Leydig cells

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

‘16: secrete inhibin:

A- Sertoli cells 
B- Leydig cells 
C- Theca leutia 
D- Granulosa cells 
E- Theca interna

A- Sertoli cells

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

‘16: What is the substrate of 5 alpha reductase (not the exact wording)?

Testosterone

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

‘16: A question about calculating the ovulation day in a female with 30-32 days

regular menstrual cycle: day (16-18)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

‘16: A female with a normal 28-days menstrual cycle. 12-hours earlier she had her peak estradiol levels without any significant progesterone.
What do you expect after 3 days?

Ovulation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

‘16: What stimulates the production of testosterone from testes?

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

‘16: in postmenopausal women, which sex hormone and gonadotropin will be elevated?

A- Estriol and FSH
B- Estrone and LH
C- Estrone and FSH

C- Estrone and FSH

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

‘16: Why is male sperm auto-immunogenic/ why is there anti-sperm autoimmunity in males?

Because the sperms develop after the immune system learns to distinguish between self and non-self

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

‘16: what is true regarding Clomiphene?

a) Treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome
b) Removes negative inhibition of estrogen

b) Removes negative inhibition of estrogen

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

‘16: Which hormone has a role in positive feedback before ovulation?

a -estrogen
b -LH

a -estrogen

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

‘16: selective alpha1-adrenoreceptor antagonist used in erectile dysfunction?

Tamsulosin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

‘16: male phenotype with 46/XY, 47/XXY mosaic karyotype

Klinefelter syndrome

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

‘16: Female phenotype, 46 XY karyotype with undescended testes and normal testosterone secretion

Androgen insensitivity

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

‘15: A female with a normal 28 days menstrual cycle presented to the clinic. 12 htr earlier she had her peak in estradiol levels without any significant progesterone. What do you expect after 3 days?

Ovulation
Menses
Corpus luteum will degenerate

Ovulation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

‘15: What is seen in the gonad histology of a patient with klinefelter’s syndrome?

Ghost seminiferous tubules

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

‘15: In which of the following would secondary sexual characteristics fail to develop?

Those who underwent castration
Those with damaged seminiferous tubules but intact leydig cells

Those who underwent castration

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

‘15: what is a characteristic of estrogen hormone replacement therapy in post-menopausal females?

It is more efficient if initiated at the start of the menopause

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

‘15: Maintain corpus luteum at the beginning of pregnancy.

hcG
FSH
LH
progesterone
testosterone
inhibin
estradiol
GnRH

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

‘15: Plays role in simulation of sertoli cells.

hcG
FSH
LH
progesterone
testosterone
inhibin
estradiol
GnRH

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

'15: Found at the highest level during secretory phase of uterine cycle. 1. hcG 2. FSH 3. LH 4. progesterone 5. testosterone 6. inhibin 7. estradiol 8. GnRH

4. progesterone

'15: Pure gonadal dysgenesis? 1. SRY gene mutation 2. Deletion of whole Y chromosome

1. SRY gene mutation

'15: What stimulates granulosa cells? 1. LH 2. Testosterone 3. FSH

3. FSH

'15: What is the cause of CAH if low levels of deoxy-cortisol 11 metabolite were detected? 1. 21 alpha hydroxylase deficiency 2. 11 b hsd deficiency 3. 3 b hsd deficiency 4. 17 b hsd deficiency

1. 21 alpha hydroxylase deficiency

'15: What would microscopic examination of the gonads in a patient with klinefelter syndrome most likely show? 1. atrophic seminiferous tubules 2. atrophic ovarian tissue 3. atrophic testicular and ovarian tissue 4. normal ovaries in the first year 5. normal testes

1. atrophic seminiferous tubules

'15: Which of the following hormones acts on uterine smooth muscles contraction and the myoepithelial cells for the breasts? a. LH b. Oxytocin c. FSH d. ACTH

b. Oxytocin

'15: In females, which tanner stage reflects the enlargement of breast and areola as a single mound? a. stage 1 b. stage 2 c. stage 3 d. stage 4 e. stage 5

c. stage 3

'15: What is a characteristic of XY pure gonadal dysgenesis?

Female secondary sexual characteristics

'14: What is a woman ovulation day if her menstrual cycle is 30-32 days? a. 14-16 day b. 7-9 day c. 16-18 day

c. 16-18 day

'14: Why is male sperm auto-immunogenic/ why is there anti-sperm autoimmunity in males? a. Because the sperms develop after the immune system learns to distinguish between self and non-self b. Sperm expresses MHC II Ags

a. Because the sperms develop after the immune system learns to distinguish between self and non-self

'14: A normal adult man treated with experimental drug that blocks LH receptors. What is the plasma concentration of the following hormones? 1. LH: Increase FSH: Doesn’t change Testosterone: Increase 2. LH: Decrease FSH: Increase Testosterone: Increase 3. LH: Increase FSH: Doesn’t change Testosterone: Decrease 4. LH: Decrease FSH: Doesn’t change Testosterone: Increase

3. LH: Increase FSH: Doesn’t change Testosterone: Decrease

'14: What is the reason behind high level of DHEA in the fetal adrenal glands?

Progesterone

'14: A female with a normal 28-days menstrual cycle presented to the clinic. 12-hours earlier she had her peak estradiol levels without any significant progesterone. What do you expect after 3 days? 1. Menses 2. Corpus luteum will degenerate 3. Ovulation

3. Ovulation

'14: Which is converted to active form by 5α reductase?

Testosterone

'14: in postmenopausal women, which sex hormone and gonadotropin will be elevated? a. Estriol and FSH b. Estrone and LH c. Estrone and FSH d. Estradiol and FSH e. Estradiol and LH

c. Estrone and FSH

'14: What is found in the urine of pregnant women? a. Estrone b. Estradiol c. DHEA d. Estriol

d. Estriol

'14: Which of the following inhibit LH through long loop? a. Prolactin b. Testosterone c. Thyroxin d. Cortisol e. Dopamine f. ACTH g. TSH h. LH

b. Testosterone

'14: Inhibits prolactin: a. Prolactin b. Testosterone c. Thyroxin d. Cortisol e. Dopamine f. ACTH g. TSH h. LH

e. Dopamine

'14: Where are leydig cells found? a. Inside Graafian follicle b. Inside corpus luteum c. Between ovarian follicles d. In wall of epididymis e. Between seminiferous tubules

e. Between seminiferous tubules

'14: What microscopic finding is seen during the examination of gonads of a patient with klinefliter’s disease?

Atrophy of the seminiferous tubule

'14: Which of the following is involved in blood-testis barrier? a. Sertoli cells b. Leydig cells c. Granulosa cells d. Thecal cells

a. Sertoli cells

'14: Which hormone has an infradian rhythm? a. Cortisol b. Growth hormone c. Luteinizing hormone

c. Luteinizing hormone

'14: Which steroid hormone plays a key role in adrenarche? a) DHT b) DHEA c) cortisone

b) DHEA

'13: Lady visited clinic and Dr. found out she has her peak in estrogen level. What will happen after 3 days? a. Menses b. Corpus leutem will degenerate c. Ovulation

c. Ovulation

'13: Which hormone plays an important role in adrenarche? 1. Testosterone 2. Estradiol 3. Progesterone 4. AD 5. DHEA

5. DHEA

'13: A 17 years old female with short stature and primary amenorrhea 1. 46 XX DSD 2. 46 XY DSD 3. Klinfelter’s syndrome 4. Turner syndrome

4. Turner syndrome

'13: Which of the following is correctly matched? 1. XY always develop to normal men 2. XXX show exaggerated female secondary sexual characteristics 3. XO fail to attain puberty 4. XX always develop to normal female

3. XO fail to attain puberty

'13: Which hormone triggers ovulation? 1. LH 2. FSH 3. Progesterone 4. Estrogen

1. LH

'13: In which Tanner stage do girls have projection of the areola with the papilla as a single mould? a. Stage 2 b. Stage 3 c. Stage 4 d. Stage 5

b. Stage 3

'13: which hormone is aromatized to give the male brain? 1. Estrogen 2. Testosterone 3. DHEA 4. AD

2. Testosterone

'13: Which disorder of sexual development (DSD) is associated with peripheral lymphedema?: 1. Mixed gonadal dysgenesis 2. Kleinfilter’s syndrome 3. Complete gonadal dysgenesis 4. 46XYDSD 5. 45 XO 6. 46 XX DSD

5. 45 XO

'13: A baby was born with a micro penis and enlarged adrenals: 1. Mixed gonadal dysgenesis 2. Kleinfilter’s syndrome 3. Complete gonadal dysgenesis 4. 46XYDSD 5. 45 XO 6. 46 XX DSD

6. 46 XX DSD

'13: A deficiency in which leads to CAH: 1. CYP 11B1 deficiency 2. 3HSD deficiency 3. 5 a reductase deficiency 4. CYP21 deficiency 5. CYP 11B2 deficiency 6. CYP 17 deficiency

4. CYP21 deficiency

'13: What is secreted by sertoli cells during fetal stage?: a. Inhibin b. FSH c. MIS d. LH e. Estrogen f. Testosterone g. AD h. DHEA i. Progesterone

c. MIS

'13: Which hormone is responsible for the secretory phase of endometrium?: a. Inhibin b. FSH c. MIS d. LH e. Estrogen f. Testosterone g. AD h. DHEA i. Progesterone

i. Progesterone

'13: What happens during early puberty regarding Leydig cells? a. Testosterone secreted at night only in early stage b. Inverted triangle of hair in stage c. Aromatization to male brain d. Once hyperpigmentation of scrotum occurs, puberty is achieved

a.Testosterone secreted at night only in early stage

'13: A 16 year old female patient came to the hospital complaining of failure to menstruate. On examination it is found that she doesn’t have a uterus and her vagina has a pouch end. What is the most likely genetic composition she has? a. 45 XO b. 45XO/46 XX c. 46 XY (AIS) d. 46 XX

c. 46 XY (AIS)

'13: Q:A girl with short stature, webbed neck, delayed menstrual cycle and diminished secondary sexual characteristics: LH, and FSH were high, Estradiol was low, and TSH, IGF were normal a. AIS b. Turner syndrome c. CAH

b. Turner syndrome

'12: Female with menstrual cycle of 30-32 days, when does she ovulate?

16-18 days

'12: When is the prepubertal spurt period in males?

12.5-13 years old

'12: Young girl with virilization and hirsutism.

CAH

'12: What hormone is used in forming the wollfian duct? (internal)

Testosterone

'12: What is required for the development of prostate and penis? (external)

Dihydrotestosterone

'12: Patient with no secondary sexual characteristics and hypertension?

CYP17

'12: A 37 year old female present to the doctor complaining of absence of her menses for 18 months duration accompanied by a mild weight gain of 1 Kg. she occasionally experienced hot flashes, which made her worried. She stated that her menses started at age 13 and they were regular. The following are her lab results: LH=high, FSH=high (not higher than LH), Prolactin=589 (normal is up to 600). What is the cause of her absence of menses?

Hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism

'12: Which of the following is true regarding osteoporosis? * Occurs in men more than women * Occurs in men after estrogen levels fall * Occurs in black men more than white men

• Occurs in men after estrogen levels fall

'10: which steroid hormone plays a key role during adrenarche?

DHEA

'10: which cells of the following transform into leutual cells?

granulosa cells

'10: which of the following hormones peaks before ovulation ? (We are not sure of the question, it has something with positive feedback on FSH & LH)

Estrogen

'10: A patient presented with tall stature, gynocomesia, and testes atrophy, whats the diagnosis?

Klinfilter XXY

'10: which of the following happens when MIS is absent ?

cryptorchidism

'10: why 3 B HSD is inhibited in fetus ?

High progesterone

'10: which of the following hormones is concentrated in pregnant women urine ?

Estriol

'10: which type of cells secrete ceroplasmin ?

Sertoli cells

'10: In which type of cells Renkle rods is seen?

leydig cells

'10: Why we cant convert DHEA directly to estrogen by aromatase?

Because DHEA doesnt have acidic alpha Hydrogen

'10: A normal adult man treated with experimental drug that blocks LH receptors. What is the plasma concentration of the following hormones?

LH increase FSH doesnt change estrogen decrease

'10: When is the pre-pubertal spurt period in males?

12.5 - 13 years

'10: What enzyme converts testestrone to DHT?

5- alfa reductase

'10: How do we confirm polycystic ovary syndrome?

High testosterone + low sex hormone binding proteins

'10: What would you find in XXY?

Ghost seminephrous tubules

'10: Maintain life of corpus luteum?

'10: Stimulate granulosa cells?

FSH

'10: A woman with amenohrrea, low FSH and LH, high estrogen and human gonadotropin?

Pregnancy

'09: What is responsible for the growth of the granulosa cells?

FSH

'09: A female with a normal 28-days menstrual cycle. 12-hours earlier she had her peak estradiol levels without any significant progesterone. What do you expect after 3 days?

Ovulation

'09: Why don’t fetal adrenal glands express 3-β HSD during early pregnancy?

Progesterone is derived from the placenta

'09: When is the pre-pubertal spurt period in males?

12.5 – 13 years old

'09: What is the importance of SRY gene?

Its presence gives a male gender

'09: What is a feature of puberty in males?

Increased LH specially at night

'09: If we remove the anterior pituitary gland and don’t give hormone replacement therapy, what will be affected?

Menstruation

'09: A 76-year-old male with hip fracture after a mild trauma is due to

Testosterone deficiency

'09: What steroid is mostly produced by placenta?

Progesterone

'09: What steroid derivative is most abundant in urine in pregnancy?

Estriol

'09: Increased uterine contractility

Exogenous Oxytocin production

'09: Which has ultradian and infradian rhythms?

'09: What is the function of DHEA?

Activating the hypothalamus-pituitary-axis for full puberty

'09: What is the function of DHEA?

Activating the hypothalamus-pituitary-axis for full puberty

'09: Fetal sertoli cells secrete

Mullerian inhibiting hormone

'09: Which cell secretes progesterone?

Theca lutein

'09: A female with normal 27-days cycle. One day the estrogen levels reached its peak with trace levels of progesterone. What would happen after two days?

Ovulation

'09: What is measured on the 21st day of menstruation?

Progesterone

'09: Low LH, Low FSH, high Estrogen, amenorrhea, and high hCG?

Pregnancy

'08: Location of leydig cells:

Between seminephrous tubules

'08: what’s the tissue-‐specific mechanism in zona reticularis that causes cyp 17 to convert progesterone to DHEA bypassing the formation of 17-‐OH progesterone

Post transitional phosphorylation of cyp17............

'08: what is the gland that is responsible for secondary sex characteristic for both males and females?

adrenal

'08: what is the function of SRY gene? a. (male development) OR make fetus develop into male b. regulates formation of ovaries and testes

a. (male development) OR make fetus develop into male???

'08: at which Tanner stage, female pubic hair is in adult destribution character and doesn’t reach medial surface of the thigh?

Stage 4

'08: people with androgen insensitivity syndrome have some developmental abnormalities. What is the more likely primary or secondary sexual characteristic can be seen in those individuals at puberty?

Breasts development

'08: in which range does ovulation occur in a 27 year old female with regular menstrual cycle of 21 -‐ 23 days?)

7-‐9

'08: A healthy male was given a drug that blocks LH receptors for treatment, what changes in the levels of hormones would take place?

↑LH 0 FSH ↓T

'08: Exerts positive feedback

Oxytocin

Endo 3rd yr - (repro) Flashcards

(116 cards)