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Firefighter Academy > Emergency Medical Care > Flashcards

Emergency Medical Care Flashcards

1
Q

The concept of using protective equipment to prevent exposure to infectious diseases is known as

A. workplace safety equipment.
B. personal protective equipment.
C. body substance isolation.
D. infection protection.

A

C. body substance isolation.

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2
Q

The immunizations recommended for medical care providers include the tetanus vaccine and

A. hepatitis B vaccine.
B. hepatitis C vaccine.
C. HTV vaccine.
D. SARS vaccine.

A

A. hepatitis B vaccine.

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3
Q

The three critical components needed to sustain life in human beings are

A. food, clothing, and shelter.
B. food, water, and shelter.
C. nutrients, clothing, and air.
D. food, water, and oxygen.

A

D. food, water, and oxygen.

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4
Q

Brain cells begin to die if they are deprived of oxygen and nutrients for

A. two to three minutes.
B. four to six minutes.
C. seven to nine minutes.
D. nine or more minutes.

A

B. four to six minutes

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5
Q

What is the name of the thin flapper valve that allows air to enter the trachea, but that prevents
food or water from doing so?

A. Esophagus
B. Epiglottis
C. larynx
D. Alveoli

A

B. Epiglottis

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6
Q

What is another name for the voice box?

A. Esophagus
B. Trachea
C. Bronchi
D. larynx

A

D. larynx

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7
Q

The tiny air sacs in the lungs where the actual exchange of gases takes place are the

A. alveoli.
B. capillaries.
C. bronchi.
D. xiphoid.

A

A. alveoli.

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8
Q

What are the smallest branches of the circulatory system, where the exchange of oxygen and carbon
dioxide takes place?

A. Veins
B. Arteries
C. Capillaries
D. Blood vessels

A

C. Capillaries

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9
Q

Opening the airway by lifting the victim’s head backward and lifting the chin forward, bringing the
entire lower jaw with it, is called the

A. jaw-thrust technique.
B. head tilt-chin lift.
C. head tilt and shift.
D. jaw and head lift.

A

B. head tilt-chin lift.

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10
Q

A normal adult has a breathing rate of approximately

A. 8 to 12 breaths per minute.
B. 12 to 20 breaths per minute.
C. 20 to 30 breaths per minute.
D. 30 to 40 breaths per minute.

A

B. 12 to 20 breaths per minute.

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11
Q

What is the most critical sign of inadequate breathing?

A. Gasping
B. Cyanosis
C. Respiratory arrest
D. Unconsciousness

A

C. Respiratory arrest

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12
Q

The “look, listen, and feel” check for breathing should take no more than

A. 5 seconds.
B. 10 seconds.
C. 20 seconds.
D. 30 seconds.

A

B. 10 seconds.

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13
Q

lf a victim is not breathing, you must breathe for him or her. This technique is known as

A. rescue breathing.
B. ventilation.
C. the ABCs.
D. victim recovery.

A

A. rescue breathing.

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14
Q

A “child” is defined as a person between

A. l and 8 years of age.
B. 5 and 12 years of age.
C. 8 and 12 years of age.
D. 8 and 18 years of age.

A

A. 1 and 8 years of age.

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15
Q

When assisting an infant’s breathing, after the first two breaths, rescue breaths should follow every

A. 2 seconds.
B. 3 seconds.
C. 5 seconds.
D. 10 seconds.

A

B. 3 seconds.

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16
Q

What is the most common cause of airway obstruction?

A. Food
B. Small toys
C. Dentures
D. The tongue

A

D. The tongue

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17
Q

What is the most effective way of expelling a foreign object that is causing airway obstruction?

A. The Heimlich maneuver
B. Patting or rubbing the back
C. Coughing
D. Throwing up

A

C. Coughing

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18
Q

If the airway is completely obstructed, the victim will lose consciousness in

A. less than one minute.
B. one to two minutes.
C. three to four minutes.
D. five to six minutes.

A

C. three to four minutes.

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19
Q

To relieve an airway obstruction in an infant, use a combination of back slaps and

A. the Heimlich maneuver.
B. rescue breathing.
C. tilts.
D. chest thrusts.

A

D. chest thrusts.

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20
Q

What is the major artery in the neck?

A. Carotid artery
B. Radial artery
C. Brachia! artery
D. Femoral artery

A

A. Carotid artery.

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21
Q

The pressure wave generated by the pumping action of the heart is called the

A. heart rate.
B. pulse.
C. heart rhythm.
D. arterial push.

A

B. pulse

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22
Q

Oxygen is carried from the lungs to the body and carbon dioxide back to the lungs by the

A, plasma.
B. platelets.
C. white blood cells.
D. red blood cells.

A

D. red blood cells.

23
Q

After a victim suffers cardiac arrest, brain damage begins within

A. 2 to 3 minutes.
B. 4 to 6 minutes.
C. 7 to 9 minutes.
D. 10 to 15 minutes.

A

B. 4 to 6 minutes.

24
Q

During CPR on an adult, chest compressions should be at the rate of

A. 30 compressions per minute.
B. 60 compressions per minute.
C. 100 compressions per minute.
D. 120 compressions per minute.

A

C. 100 compressions per minute.

25
Q

If the heart cannot pump enough blood to supply the needs of the body, the victim will experience

A. cardiogenic shock.
B. pipe failure.
C. anaphylactic shock.
D. spinal shock.

A

A. cardiogenic shock.

26
Q

Extreme allergic reactions to a foreign substance can cause

A. fluid loss.
B. cardiogenic shock.
C. anaphylactic shock.
D. spinal shock.

A

C. anaphylactic shock

27
Q

How much blood does the average adult’s circulatory system contain?

A. Approximately 6 pints
B. Approximately 10 pints
C. Approximately 12 pints
D. Approximately 15 pints

A

C. Approximately 12 pints.

28
Q

What is the most serious type of bleeding?

A. Venous bleeding
B. Arterial bleeding
C. Capillary bleeding
D. External bleeding

A

B. Arterial bleeding

29
Q

A wound where the skin stays intact is called a(n)

A. abrasion.
B. open wound.
C. laceration.
D. closed wound.

A

D. closed wound.

30
Q

Any call that involves multiple victims is termed a

A. mass-casualty incident.
B. multiple-casualty incident.
C. triage.
D. violent incident.

A

A. mass-casualty incident.

31
Q

________ is the virus that can lead to acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

A

HIV

32
Q

Based on the assumption that all victims are potential carriers of bloodborne pathogens, the CDC recommends all healthcare workers use _______.

A

universal precautions

33
Q

The main purpose of the respiratory system is to provide ________ and to remove ________ from the body.

A

oxygen, carbon dioxide

34
Q

The ________ rely on the diaphragm for movement, as they consist of soft, spongy tissue with no muscles.

A

Lungs

35
Q

The first step in assessing a victim’s airway is to check the victim’s level of _________.

A

responsiveness

36
Q

To open the airway of a victim with a suspected neck injury, use the ______ technique.

A

jaw-thrust

37
Q

When a person’s internal body temperature falls below 95 degrees F, the individual has severe ________.

A

hypothermia

38
Q

The most common foreign object that causes an airway obstruction is __________.

A

food

39
Q

When air is forced into the stomach instead of the lungs, _______ occurs.

A

gastric distention

40
Q

If there is no pulse, you must correct the victim’s circulation by performing external __________.

A

chest compressions

41
Q

If performing CPR on an infant, give _______ rescue breath(s) after every 15 chest compression.

A

2

42
Q

More trauma victims die from _______ than from any other reason.

A

shock

43
Q

True/False

Drug-resistant strains of tuberculosis can be transmitted through the air.

A

True

44
Q

True/False

Heavy leather gloves prevent the spread of infectious diseases.

A

False

45
Q

True/False

The “B” in the CPR ABCs stands for “bleeding.”

A

False

46
Q

True/False

Once a brain cell has been destroyed, it cannot be healed or replaced.

A

True

47
Q

True/False

Unconscious victims will not be able to keep their airways open.

A

True

48
Q

True/False

Mouth-to-mask devices prevent the transmission of infectious diseases.

A

False

49
Q

True/False

Cardiac arrest occurs when the heart stops contracting and no blood is pumped through the blood vessels.

A

True

50
Q

True/False

Within 8 to 10 minutes after a cardiac arrest, the damage to the brain may be irreversible.

A

True

51
Q

True/False

Rigor mortis is an indication that a victim has been dead for more than a day.

A

False

52
Q

True/False

In adult CPR, after every 15 chest compressions, give two rescue breaths.

A

False

53
Q

True/False

If the patient’s pupils constrict when exposed to light, he or she is receiving effective CPR.

A

True

54
Q

True/False

Living wills, advance directives, and DNR orders are legal documents that specify the patient’s wishes
regarding particular medical procedures.

A

True

Firefighter Academy (44 decks)

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