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Firefighter Academy > Chapter 14 Water Supply Systems > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Water Supply Systems Flashcards

1
Q

The smallest-diameter underground water main pipes in a water distribution system that deliver water to local users within a neighborhood.

A

Distributors

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2
Q

A type of hydrant used in areas subject to freezing weather. The valve that allows water to flow into the hydrant is located underground below the frost line, and the barrel of the hydrant is located underground below the frost line, and the barrel of the hydrant is normally dry.

A

Dry-barrel hydrant (frostproof hydrant)

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3
Q

An arrangement of pipe permanently connected to a water source other than a piped, pressurized water supply system that provides a ready means of water supply for firefighting purposes and that utilizes the drafting (suction) capability of a fire department pump.

A

Dry hydrant

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4
Q

A large opening from the water tank of a mobile water supply apparatus for unloading purposes.

A

Dump valve

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5
Q

An above-ground water storage tank that is designed to maintain pressure on a water distribution system.

A

Elevated water storage tower

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6
Q

The amount of pressure created by gravity. Also known as head pressure.

A

Elevation pressure

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7
Q

The physical science of how water flows through a pipe or hose.

A

Fire hydraulics

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8
Q

The reduction in pressure resulting from the water being in contact with the side of the hose. This contact requires force to overcome the drag that the wall of the hose creates.

A

Friction loss

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9
Q

A water distribution system that depends on gravity to provide the required pressure. The system storage is usually located at a higher elevation than the end users of the water.

A

Gravity-feed system

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10
Q

The energy possessed by an object as a result of its motion.

A

Kinetic energy

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11
Q

A vehicle designed primarily for transporting (pickup, transporting, and delivering) water to fire emergency scenes to be applied by other vehicles or pumping equipment.

A

Mobile water supply apparatus

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12
Q

A system having water pipes servicing fire hydrants and designed to furnish, over and above domestic consumption, a minimum of 250 gpm (946 L/min) at 20 psi (138 kPa) residual pressure for a 2-hour duration.

A

Municipal-type water system

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13
Q

The observed static pressure in a water distribution system during a period of normal demand.

A

Normal operating pressure

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14
Q

A type of gauge that is used to measure the velocity pressure of water that is being discharged from an opening. It is used to determine the flow of water from a hydrant or nozzle.

A

Pitot gauge

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15
Q

Folding or collapsible tanks that are used at the fire scene to hole water for drafting.

A

Portable tanks

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16
Q

The energy that an object has stored up as a result of its position or condition. A raised weight and a coiled spring have _________ ______.

A

Potential energy

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17
Q

The largest-diameter water main pipes in a water distribution system that carry the greatest amounts of water.

A

Primary feeders

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18
Q

A privately owned water system that operates separately from the municipal water system.

A

Private water system

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19
Q

A water storage facility.

A

Reservoir

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20
Q

The pressure that exists in the distribution system, measured at the residual hydrant at the time the flow readings are taken at the flow hydrants.

A

Residual pressure

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21
Q

Smaller-diameter water main pipes in the water distribution system conditions measured at the residual hydrant with no hydrants flowing.

A

Secondary feeders

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22
Q

Any valve that can be used to shut down water flow to a water user or system.

A

Shut-off valve

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23
Q

A water source such as a pond, river, stream, or other body of water that is not under pressure.

A

Static water source

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24
Q

The large-diameter port on a fire hydrant.

A

Steamer port

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25
Q

The quantity of water flowing; usually measured in gallons (liters) per minute.

A

Volume

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26
Q

The amount of water flowing through pipes, hose, and fittings, usually expressed in gallons (liters) per minute (gpm or L/min).

A

Water flow

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27
Q

The surge of pressure that occurs when a high-velocity flow of water is abruptly shut off. The pressure exerted by the flowing water against the closed system can be seven or more times that of the static pressure.

A

Water hammer

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28
Q

A generic term for any underground water pipe.

A

Water main

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29
Q

The application of force by one object against another. When water is forced through the distribution system, it creates _____ ________.

A

Water pressure

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30
Q

A method of transporting water from a source to a fire scene using a number of mobile water supply apparatus.

A

Water shuttle operations

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31
Q

A source of water for firefighting activities.

A

Water supply

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32
Q

A hydrant used in areas that are not susceptible to freezing. The barrel of the hydrant is normally filled with water.

A

Wet-barrel hydrant

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33
Q

The water source, treatment plant, and distribution system are pans of a

A. municipal water system.

B. private water system.

C. static water source.

D. reservoir.

A

A. municipal water system.

34
Q

The distribution system of underground pipes is known as

A. reservoirs.

B. piping.

C. water mains.

D. water traf fic.

A

C. water mains.

35
Q

What is the recommended minimum water pressure from a fire hydrant?

A. 10 psi

B. 20 psi

C. 40 psi

D. 60 psi

A

B. 20 psi

36
Q

The smallest pipes in a water distribution system that carry the water to the users and hydrants are the

A. primary feeders

B. secondary feeders

C. water mains

D. distributors

A

D. distributors

37
Q

The pipes that deliver large quantities of water to a section of town or city are the

A. primary feeders

B. secondary feeders

C. direct mains

D. distributors

A

A. primary feeders

38
Q

The size of water mains depends on the amount of water needed for both normal consumption and

A. heavy consumption

B. Extended delays

C. fire protection

D. business operations

A

C. fire protection

39
Q

To assure that water flows to a fire hydrant from two or more directions, well-designed systems follow a

A. mixed pattern

B. multi-port pattern

C. grid pattern

D. center pattern

A

C. grid pattern

40
Q

Fire Department hoses can be connected to a hydrant by the

A. valves

B. outlets

C. ports

D. taps

A

B. outlets

41
Q

A large opening on a firt hydrant that is used to allow as much water as possible to flow directly into the point is a(n)

A. outlet

B. steamer port

C. valve

D. drain

A

B. steamer port

42
Q

Most dry-barrel hydrants have _________ large valve(s) controlling the flow of water

A. one

B. two

C. three

D. four

A

A. one

43
Q

What are the first factors to check when inspecting hydrants?

A . Stability and structural integrity

B. Visability and structural integrity

C. Visability and accessibility

D. Stability and component location

A

C. Visability and accessibility

44
Q

Hydrants should be positioned so that the connections and espescially the large steamer connection,

A. are parallel to the water system.

B. will not be damaged by passing traffic.

C. are near waste storage areas.

D. face the street.

A

D. face the street.

45
Q

The now or quanmy of water moving throug a pipe, hose, or nozzle is measured by

A. volume.

B. area.

C. weight.

D. mass.

A

A. volume.

46
Q

Which unit is used to measure water pressure ?

A. Gallons

B. Gallons per square inch

C. Pounds per square inch

D. Pounds

A

C. Pounds per square inch

47
Q

Water that is not moving has

A. elevation pressure.

B. static pressure.

C. residual pressure.

D. potential pressure.

A

B. static pressure.

48
Q

What is the best indication of how much more water is available in the system?

A. The elevation pressure

B. The static pressure

C. The residual pressure

D. The potenual pressure

A

C. The residual pressure

49
Q

The quantity of water flowing through an opening during a hydrant test is the

A. residual pressure.

B. flow pressure.

C. normal operating pressure.

D. elevation pressure.

A

B. flow pressure.

50
Q

Which type of hydrant includes a pipe with a strainer on one end and a cap threaded for a hard suction hose on the other end that can be used to access static water sources?

A. Dry hydrant

B. Wet hydrant

C. Static hydrant

D. Straining hydrant

A

A. Dry hydrant

51
Q

If a large volume of water is needed for an extended period, tankers can be used to deliver water from a fill site to the scene, thereby creating:

A. a mobile water system.

B. portable tanks.

C. a mobile water supply apparatus.

D. a tanker shuttle.

A

D. a tanker shuttle.

52
Q

Which type of system may not require pumps because the water source, the treatment plant, and storage facilities are located on ground higher than the end users?

A. Gravity-feed system

B. Wet hydrant system

C. Tanker shuule system

D. Static system

A

A. Gravity-feed system

53
Q

The importance of a dependable and adequate ______ for fire-suppression operations is self-evident.

A

water supply

54
Q

Rural areas may depend on _______ such as lakes and streams.

A

static water supplies

55
Q

Municipal water systems can draw water from human-made storage facilities called _________ .

A

reservoirs

56
Q

_______ valves allow different water main sections to be turned off or isolated.

A

Control

57
Q

Hydrants are equipped with one or more _______ to control the flow of water through the hydrant.

A

valves

58
Q

Most hydrants have an upright steel casing or _________ that is attached to the underground water distribution system.

A

barrel

59
Q

Dry-barrel hydrants need to be either _______ opened or _______ closed.

A

fully, fully

60
Q

In many communities. hydrants are painted in bright reflective colors for increased _________ .

A

visibility

61
Q

The flow or quantity of water moving through a pipe is measured by its _______ , usually in gallons per minute.

A

volume

62
Q

Water that is not moving has ______ energy.

A

potential

63
Q

Elevation pressure can be created by ______ .

A

gravity

64
Q

Water can be transported through long hose lines, pumper relays, or _______ water supply tankers.

A

mobile

65
Q

True/False

The basic plan for fighting most fires depends on having an adequate supply or water.

A

True

66
Q

True/False

The backup water supply for some municipal systems can be large enough to store enough water for several months or years or municipal use.

A

True

67
Q

True/False

Generally, water pressure ranges from 40 psi to 60 psi at the delivery point.

A

False

68
Q

True/False

Elevated water storage towers are used to increase the efficiency or treatment facilities

A

False

69
Q

True/False

The water department can often increase the flow or water within the system or to specific areas.

A

True

70
Q

True/False

When the hydrant valve is opened, the drain closes in a dry-barrel hydrant.

A

True

71
Q

True/False

All fire fighters must understand how to inspect and maintain a fire hydrant.

A

True

72
Q

True/False

Volume and water pressure are synonymous.

A

False

73
Q

True/False

Residual pressure is the amount or pressure that remains in the system when water is flowing.

A

True

74
Q

True/False

The Pilot gauge is used to measure the quantity or water flowing through an opening during a hydrant test.

A

True

75
Q

Standard for the “Installation of Private Fire Service Mains and Their Appurtenances”

A

NFPA 24

76
Q

Standard on “Water Supplies for Suburban and Rural Fire Fighting”

A

NFPA 1142

77
Q

What is the color of a hydrant that is a Class C (Less than 500 GPM)?

A

Red

78
Q

What is the color of a hydrant that is a Class B (flowing 500-999 GPM)?

A

Orange

79
Q

What is the color of a hydrant that is a Class A (flowing 1000-1499 GPM)?

A

Green

80
Q

What is the color of a hydrant that is a Class AA (flowing 1500 GPM and higher)?

A

Light Blue

Firefighter Academy (44 decks)

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