emergency contraception Flashcards
when should emergency contraception be used ?
methods of contraception used to prevent pregnancy after sexual intercourse has happened
what are the three methods of emergency contraception ?
copper IUD
UPA
LNG
what is the most effective method of IUD out of the three ?
IUD followed by UPA followed by LNG
how does a copper IUD work ?
by preventing implantation and fertilisation
how do oral emergency contraceptives ?
delayed ovulation
how long can LNG delay ovulation ?
up to when LH surge starts , which is just before ovulation
how long does UPA delay ovulation for
up to when LH surge starts , which is just before ovulation
what is the effect of taking oral EC after ovulation ?
no effect
at what stage does pregnancy legally begin at ?
implantation
what is the time limit period in which you can give LNG ?
up to 72 hours after UPSI
what is the time limit period in which you can give UPA ?
120 hours after UPSI
what is the time limit associated with the insertion of an IUD ?
up to 5 days after unprotected sex
or
up to 5 days after the earliest ovulation
what are some interacting medications with contraceptives ?
antiepileptic drugs
antiretrovirals
Anti-TB drugs
St Johns Wort-herbal
considering there are some contraindicated drugs taken what is the next best step in management ?
avoid UPA
can use a double dose of LNG
what specific drugs are contraindicated with UPA ?
antacids
histamine H2 antagonists
PPIs
what diseases may be associated with a contraindication with UPA ?
severe asthma
any allergies
gastric ulcers
what are the medical contraindications of LNG ?
no medical contraindications
what is the association between breast milk and UPA ?
breast milk must be discarded for 7 days after UPA administration
what is the association between glucocorticoids and UPA ?
antiglucocorticoid effect of UPA
what is the association between LNG and women with a BMI over 26 ?
dose must be double for women with a BMI above 26
are there any association between UPA and LNG with pregnancy ?
no risk , not associated with fetal abnormality
which EC can normal hormonal contraception be taken immediately after ?
LNG and not UPA
when should hormonal contraception or LNG be taken in association with UPA ?
hormonal and LNG should not be taken until 5 days after taking UPA
which EC is more suitable for a mother who wishes to continue breast-feeding ?
LNG
what are the indications for doubling the dose of LNG ?
if the patient is taking any enzyme inducers
if the female has a BMI over 26
what are the contraindications to taking UPA ?
- taking oral steroids for
- severe asthma
- taking drugs that reduce gastric pH
- taking enzyme inducers
- taking hormonal contraception or LNG in previous 7 days
what are the common side effects associated with oral EC ?
headache
nausea
painful period
vomiting
what is the next best step in management if a patient experiences vomiting due to EC ?
repeat dose or consider IUD if the vomiting occurs within the first 3 hours of taking LNG or UPA
when is it expected to get a period after using EC ?
get a pregnancy test if more than 1 week late
how long can sperm survive ?
for up to 5 days in the uterus
how long does an unfertilized egg survive for ?
24 hours
how do you calculate the earliest ovulation date ?
shortest cycle length minus 14 days
when should contraception be started after having a baby ?
should be started by 3 weeks post partum
when should contraception be started after a miscarriage or an ectopic pregnancy ?
within 5 days
how long after UPSI should u do a pregnancy test ?
3 weeks
