Emergencies Flashcards
Precautions for the protection of passengers in emergency situations
Alternative Designs and arrangements
Identification of safe areas and essential systems that must be maintained while a vessel returns to port following a casualty
Onboard safety centres
Requirement for fire detectors and manually operated call points. Part of the FFE should be capable of being manually operated and remotely operated
Recognising the need to enhance fire safety of atriums including means of escape and ventilation systems
Specifying the time for orderly evacuation and abandonment
IAMSAR VOL III: Section 1
Overview:
1. Responsibilities and Obligations
2. SAR system organisation
3. SAR co-ordination
4. SAR mission co-ordinator
5. On-scene Co-ordinator
6. Ship reporting systems
7. AMVER
IAMSAR VOL III: Section 2
Rendering Assistance:
1. Initial action by Assisting Craft
2. Action proceeding to a distress
3. Onboard Preparations
4. Action by assisting aircraft
5. Search patterns
6. On-scene communications
7. Helicopter Operations
8. Care of survivors
9. Training
IAMSAR VOL III: Section 3
On-scene Co-ordination:
1. Co-ordination of SAR
2. Communications
3. Planning and conducting the search
4. Conclusion of the search
IAMSAR VOL III: Section 4
Onboard emergencies
1. Distress signals
2. Medical evacuation
3. Person overboard
4. Ship emergencies at sea
5. Aircraft emergencies
6. Vessel-aircraft comms
IAMSAR VOL III: Appendices
A. regulation V/33 of SOLAS
B. Search Action Message
C. Factors affecting observer effectiveness
D. Situation report standard format
E. SAR briefing and debriefing form
Distress signals shall only be used on authorisation by the master when:
The vessel, or another vessel is in serious and imminent danger and cannot send a distress signal
If the ship, aircraft or person requires additional assistance to that which is already available.
Define IAMSAR
International Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue
Document for UK SAR
Strategic overview of SAR in the United Kingdom and Northern Ireland
Three considerations when creating organisational procedures for emergency situations:
Design features and construction of the ship
The FFE and LSA fitted on board the ship
The number of crew on board and their skill and competencies
Company policy may outline company specific requirements
The 5 parties in an emergency situation
Bridge team, Ensure safe navigation of the ship
Command team, Overall responsibility and decision making
Emergency party, First response to the incident
Back-up party, Supporting activities, I.e. shutting ventilation, preparing lifeboats
Engine Room party, Monitor critical systems in ER
MGN relating to Drills, Muster, On board training, and Decision Support System
MGN 71, this also states the intervals between periodic checks of the Fire fighting and detection equipment
COSWAP chapter on FIRE precautions
V
Three factors to consider with regard to the shut down and isolation of plant and equipment
The plant or equipment may be the source of ignition
There is a risk of fire and smoke spreading to other parts of the ship
The division of compartments is designed so that ventilation can be closed off to avoid the spread of smoke and flames
In the event of an accident or incident, safety critical systems must be able to operate if there is a fire in another part of the ship
i.e Fire main isolation valves allow for Fire Fighting if there is a fire in the ER
Requirements of ventilation ducts and fire dampers under MSN 1668
Ducts fitted with a fire damper capable of being closed manually from each side of the division
Should be able to be operated automatically
Readily accessible and marked in a red light-reflecting colour
Visual indicator as to whether it is open or closed
MSN 1668
he merchant shipping (fire protection) regulations 1998. Fire integrity of bulkheads, decks and ventilation ducting
Self contained Breathing apparatus (SCBA) size and air requirements
Volume of at least 1,200L, and 30 minutes of air
EEBD pressure and air requirements
210 bar and 10 minutes of air
Classes of fire
A. Carbonaceous, flammable solids (wood etc)
B. Flammable liquids (petrol, oil, paint)
C. Flammable gases, (natural gas, hydrogen, propane)
D. Combustible metals (sodium, Magnesium, Pottassium)
F. Cooking fats and oils
ELECTRICAL fires do not have a class, as electricity is the source of the fire. Isolate the electrical current and use an extinguisher developed for electrical use (CO2)
Additionally, LITHIUM fires, use Lithium extinghuisher
Rocket flares will burn for a minimum of:
40 seconds
Hand held flares will burn for a minimum of:
1 minute
Smoke signal (such as orange smoke) will emit smoke for a minimum of:
3 minutes
Line throwing appliances in calm weather can reach a distance of:
230m
An immersion suit must be capable of:
Ensuring the wearers body temperature does not drop by more than 2 degrees in calm circulating seas, of a temperature of 5 degrees, over a 1 hour period
This applies for a 20 minute period in disturbed sea conditions
Markings on: Survival craft:
Manufactures name and address
Lifeboat model and serial number
Month and year of manufacture
POB the life raft is approved to carry
Approval information, including the administration that approved it
Markings on: Hydrostatic release unit
Type and serial number
Depth at which it releases
Date of servicing (serviceable)
Date of replacement (disposable)
Markings on: Lifebuoys
Name and port of registry of ship
Maximum height above Waterline it is to be carried if that height exceeds 30m
Markings on: Life jackets
Manufacturers name or trade mark
The words “person of 32KG or more”
Year of manufacture, date of Manufacture (inflatable)
The words FRONT on the front of the life jacket
MSN relating to survival craft and LSA
MSN 1676 (M)
The merchant shipping (life saving appliances for ships other than ships of classes III to VI(A)) regulations 1999
Under what conditions should we be able to launch: Resue Boat
In less than 5 minutes
up to 5kts underway
Refer to manufacturers launching instructions, a copy of these will be included in the SOLAS training manual
Basic Principles of Survival
Nursing care to injuries
watching for signs of exposure
Organising survival craft supplies
Keeping watch for rescuers
Conserving energy and resources
Watch for mental derangement
Quash panic and help to keep survivors in a calm state
Initial Survival Actions to take
Establish a chain of command
Establish a look-out system
Sea sickness tablets before entry
No food in the first 24 hours
Ration system
Medical condition of survivors
Guide for ships requirement to carry Medical chest, Medical equipment and a medical guide can be found in the:
International Labour Convention (ILO) Maritime convention 2006
Sources of Medical information
Radio Medical advice for ships at sea
Inmarsat C medical advice via Special Short code 32
On board medical guides and manuals
On board personnel
