Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy Exam 1 Blue Boxes > Embryology > Flashcards

Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

natural screening of embryos

A

spontaneous abortion; likely in fetuses with cleft lip/palate, & neural tube defects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

implantation of embryo outside uterus

A

ectopic pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

where do most ectopic pregnancies implant?

A

ampulla (can cause abdominal pregnancy) & isthmus (early rupture from bursting of uterine/ovarian anastomoses)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

mucosal adhesions & pelvic inflammatory disease cause?

A

tubal pregnancies—> interferes with the transport of zygote to uterus; abdominal pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

when zygotes can develop before rupture of ectopic pregnancy

A

intramural tubal pregnancy (uterine part of tube)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

which ectopic pregnancy can go full term?

A

abdominal pregnancy —-> intraperitoneal bleeding/risk of maternal death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

implantation of blastocyst in inferior segment of uterus & placenta blocks cervical opening

A

placenta previa; c-section required for complete blockage of canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

high doses of estrogen & progesterone that inhibits implantation of embryo

A

morning after pill

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

interferes with implantation by causing inflammatory reaction in the uterus

A

intrauterine device

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what hormone is released by a cleaving zygote?

A

early pregnancy factor (HCG)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what produces human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG)?

A

syncytiotrophoblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

leakage of blood into uterine cavity from disrupted lacunar networks in blastocyst

A

implantation bleeding (can be a false negative for pregnancy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

tumor that arises from remnants of primitive streak & contains tissues from 3 germ layers

A

sacrococcygeal teratomas; common in newborns (esp. females), benign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

tumor that arises from remnants of the notochord (1/3 from cranium to nasopharynx)

A

chordoma; if malignant, it grows into bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

remnants of extraembryonic portion of allantois between fetal umbilical vessels

A

allantoic cysts —>symptomatic in childhood/adulthood when inflammed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

congenital herniation of viscera into proximal umbilical cord (associated with allantoic cysts)

A

omphalocele

17
Q

disturbance in the neuroectoderm & failure of neural folds to fuse causes?

A

neural tube defects

18
Q

partial or complete absence of brain

A

meroenchephaly/anencephaly

19
Q

cystic swellings formed by degenerative villi after death of embryo; high HCG

A

hydatidiform moles

20
Q

malignant moles that develop after spontaneous abortions or normal delivery; hematogenously metastastize

A

choriocarcinomas

21
Q

fertilization of empty oocyte by monospermic or dispermic moles

A

complete hydatidiform moles

22
Q

fertilization of oocyte by two sperms

A

partial hydatidiform moles

23
Q

hemolytic disease of newborn causing anemia, jaundice, hemolysis

A

fetal erythroblastosis; when fetus is Rh+ but mother is Rh-

24
Q

what’s given to mother to prevent fetal erythroblastosis?

A

Rh immunoglobulin

25
Q

abnormal proliferation of trophoblast

A

gestational trophioblastic disease (gestational choriocarcinomas)

26
Q

how do you treat gestational choriocarcinomas?

A

chemotherapy

27
Q

abnormal adherence of chorionic villi to myometrium

A

placenta accreta (3rd trimester bleeding)

28
Q

when chorionic villi penetrate entire myometrium into perimetrium

A

placenta percreta (3rd trimester bleeding)

29
Q

absence of umbilical artery

A

agenesis or degeneration of vessel in early development associated with 15-20% cardiovascular defect

30
Q

low volumes of amniotic fluid —> rupture of amniochorionic membrane, placental insufficiency, reneal agenesis (no fetal urine)

A

oligohydraminos —> fetal abnormalities & early rupturing of fetal membrane

31
Q

high volumes of amniotic fluid from fetus not swallowing enough fluid —> esophageal atresia

A

polyhydraminos —> an/meroencephaly

32
Q

rupture of amnion, & encircling by amniotic bands —> digital constriction, major scalp, craniofacial, & visceral defects

A

amniotic band syndrome

33
Q

anastomoses between blood vessels of fused placentas of DZ twins

A

erythrocyte mosaicism

34
Q

shunt of twin blood through anastomoses into venous circulation of other twin; donor twin is anemic & recipient twin is polycythemic

A

twin transfusion syndrome (treat with lazer ablation)

35
Q

50% mortality rate because umbilical cords tangle

A

monochorionic-monamniotic twin placenta

36
Q

vascular abormalities, somatic mutations, chromosome abherrations, X chromosome inactivation

A

discordant MZ twins

37
Q

embryonic disks don’t divide correctly

A

conjoined twins

38
Q

fertilization of two or more oocytes at different times

A

superfecundation

Anatomy Exam 1 Blue Boxes (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions