Arm

Question 1

common proximal injury to humerus, can be from osteoporosis

Answer 1

surgical neck fracture

Question 2

falling on hand when arm is abducted can cause?

Answer 2

avulsion fracture of greater tuberacle of humerus

Question 3

direct blow to the arm causes?

Answer 3

transverse fracture of shaft of humerus (deltoid pulls proximal fragment laterally)

Question 4

fall to outstretched hand causes?

Answer 4

spiral fracture of humeral shaft

Question 5

olecranon wedges between medial and lateral condyles

Answer 5

intercondylar fracture of humerus

Question 6

complete transverse fracture of distal radius from dorsiflexion of hand (breaking a fall)

Answer 6

Colle’s fracture (dinner fork deformity) more common in elderly

Question 7

most common fractured carpal bone (common in youth)

Answer 7

scaphoid

Question 8

death of scaphoid bone from inadequate blood supply that can lead to degenerative joint disease of the wrist

Answer 8

avascular necrosis of proximal fragment of scaphoid

Question 9

fusion of carpals surgically

Answer 9

arthrodesis

Question 10

fracture of which carpal bone can cause ulnar nerve damage/decreased grip strength?

Answer 10

hamate

Question 11

fracture of 5th metacarpal

Answer 11

boxer’s fracture

Question 12

the bicipital myotatic reflex tests which nerves?

Answer 12

c5/6 musculocutaneous; causes involuntary reflex of biceps

Question 13

narrowing of intertubicular sulcus can inflame which nerve?

Answer 13

musculocutaneous

Question 14

inflammation of long head of biceps (likely from microtrauma) causing crepitus

Answer 14

biceps tendinitous

Question 15

popeye deformity; biceps tendon ripped from supraglenoid tuberacle

Answer 15

rupture of tendon of long head of biceps

Question 16

partial or complete dislocation of biceps tendon from biccipital groove of humerus

Answer 16

dislocation of tendon of long head of biceps

Question 17

permanent shortening of muscles/flexion deformity, fibrous scar tissue replaces necrosis from ischemia

Answer 17

Volkmann/ischemic contracture syndrome

Question 18

a midhumeral fracture injures which nerve?

Answer 18

radial nerve

Question 19

supraepicondylar fracture can cause?

Answer 19

anterior/posterior dislocation of bone with distal fragment pulled over proximal fragment due to actions of brachialis & triceps danger to all vessels of humerus

Question 20

paralysis of coracobrachialis, biceps, brachialis; weakness of flexion & supination of forearm; loss of sensation to lateral surface of forearm

Answer 20

injury to musculocutaneous nerve

Question 21

inability to extend wrist/fingers at MP joint; unopposed tonus of flexor muscles

Answer 21

wrist drop —> radial nerve

Question 22

an injury to the radial nerve in the radial groove of humerus causes weakness or paralysis of triceps?

Answer 22

weakness, because only the medial head of triceps is affected at this location. long & lateral heads have innervation superior to radial groove

Question 23

injury to the origin of the radial nerve causes?

Answer 23

paralysis of triceps, brachioradialis, supinator, wrist/finger extensors

Question 24

Grace Deux tendon

Answer 24

bicipital aponeurosis because it protects underlying vessels in cubital fossa