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Tudors > Elizabeth Later Years 1588-1603 > Flashcards

Elizabeth Later Years 1588-1603 Flashcards

1
Q

DEFENSE OF THE ROYAL PREROGATIVE

A

DEFENSE OF THE ROYAL PREROGATIVE

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2
Q

What were the new generations of Parliamentarians unhappy about?

A

Elizabeth’s privileges

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3
Q

What 2 things caused friction for QE?

A

Her use of purveyance and monopolies

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4
Q

In what Parliament did they ask for the remedy of grievances over purveyance?

A

1593

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5
Q

What was QE’s response to her being questioned over her use of purveyance?

A

She said they were infringing on her royal prerogative - issue couldn’t be debated

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6
Q

What pamphlet did Northampton MP Peter Wentworth write?

A

‘A Pithy Exhortation to Her Majesty for Establishing Her Successor’

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7
Q

What did Peter Wentworth urge QE to do in his pamphlet?

A

To allow Parliament to examine claimants to the succession and decide what was best

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8
Q

What did Peter Wentworth say about QE not leaving a successor?

A

That she will leave ‘a name of infamy throughout the world’ is she left the succession undecided

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9
Q

When was Peter Wentworth first imprisoned?

A

1591

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10
Q

When did monopolies become a real focus in Parliament?

A

1597

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11
Q

Why did QE grant monopolies to her servants?

A

War meant QE could no longer reward servants with grants or pensions

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12
Q

What MP said monopolies were being abused?

A

Robert Wingfield

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13
Q

What did QE agree to in regards to monopolies in the 1597 Parliament?

A

That monopolies that caused rising prices on basic goods should be cancelled

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14
Q

Who drew up a list of monopolies and told Robert Cecil that they should be cancelled?

A

Lord Buckhurst, the Lord Treasurer

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15
Q

What were monopoly holders referred to as in the 1601 Parliament?

A

‘Bloodsuckers’

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16
Q

What was thrust into QE’s hand in the 1601 Parliament?

A

A petition to end monopolies

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17
Q

What MP supported the method of petition to end monopolies?

A

Francis Bacon

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18
Q

What was the other method considered by MPs to end monopolies?

A

A bill to end monopolies

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19
Q

What monopolies did QE end in 1601?

A

Pilchards and coal tar

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20
Q

What speech did QE give which ended the issue of monopolies until after the reign?

A

The Golden Speech

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21
Q

RELATIONSHIP WITH PARLIAMENT AFTER 1588

A

RELATIONSHIP WITH PARLIAMENT AFTER 1588

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22
Q

How many Parliaments were called from 1588 to 1603?

A

4

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23
Q

What did the Exchequer agree to in 1589?

A

That 2 Four Tenths and Fifteenths should be levied - £480,000

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24
Q

How much did the war with Spain cost from 1585 to 1589?

A

£1 million

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25
Q

What did Parliament agree to in 1593?

A

A double subsidy and four tenths and fifteenths

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26
Q

What did Robert Cecil claim the deficit was in the 1601 Parliament?

A

£140,000

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27
Q

How much did Robert Cecil argue was needed in a grant at the 1601 Parliament?

A

£300,000

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28
Q

What did government put forward in the 1593 Parliament?

A

Measures aimed at Roman Catholics and Puritan dissenters

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29
Q

What were Roman Catholics ordered to do?

A

Stay within 5 miles of their home

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30
Q

Who led the resistance to harsher laws on Purtians?

A

Walter Raleigh

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31
Q

WAR WITH SPAIN

A

WAR WITH SPAIN

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32
Q

What were 2 ways England prepared for war with Spain?

A
  • Beacons set up on hills to be lit if a fleet invaded
  • Coastal towns ordered to provide further shipping
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33
Q

Why were there complaints about coastal towns being ordered to provide further shipping?

A

The subsidy had just been collected and they already had to pay out supplies for the militia

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34
Q

How many men assembled at Tilbury under the Earl of Leicester?

A

12,500 men

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35
Q

When was the Spanish Armada?

A

8th August 1588

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36
Q

What did QE say to troops at Tilbury the day after the Spanish Armada had been defeated?

A

‘I know I have the body of a weak and feeble woman, but I have the heart and stomach of a King’

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37
Q

How much did QE have to borrow from her wealthy subjects in 1588?

A

£75,000

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38
Q

What was the interest rate on the £56,000 loan QE took from the City of London in 1588?

A

10%

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39
Q

What caused more death in the war with Spain than the fighting?

A

QE could not pay her sailors > Conditions worsened and disease spread

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40
Q

Whose death in September 1588 crushed QE?

A

Robert Dudley, the Earl of Leicester

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41
Q

How many men did QE send to France in 1590?

A

4000 men

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42
Q

How many men did QE send to France in 1591?

A

6000 men

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43
Q

What did QE call Henry IV of France?

A

‘The most ungrateful king that liveth’

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44
Q

What did QE give Henry IV of France as a gift in 1589?

A

£20,000

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45
Q

What leading Councillor died in 1590?

A

Walsingham

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46
Q

What leading Councillor died in 1591?

A

Hatton

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47
Q

Who did the Earl of Essex have a rivalry with in the 1590s?

A

Robert Cecil

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48
Q

Why was the Earl of Essex a national hero?

A

He was successful in Cadiz in 1596

49
Q

Why were QE’s councillors in her later years a problem?

A

They were not of the same calibre as their fathers

50
Q

How many men died in the war with Spain?

A

105,000

51
Q

How many men died in the war with Spain before 1594?

A

50,000

52
Q

When did Philip II die?

A

1598

53
Q

Who was promised the position of Archbishop of Canterbury by Philip of Spain were victorious?

A

Cardinal William Allen

54
Q

What did Cardinal William Allen write to convince the English to join the Spanish army?

A

‘Admonition to the People and Nobility’ - 1588

55
Q

Who did the Earl of Northumberland (Catholic) say would take the throne after QE’s death?

A

James, son of MQoS

56
Q

What Catholic sympathiser at court favoured Infanta Isabella’s claim to the throne?

A

Lord Buckhurst

57
Q

SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC PROBLEMS

A

SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC PROBLEMS

58
Q

In what years were there a disastrous run of harvests?

A

1594 to 1598

59
Q

In what famous piece of literature were the bad harvests mentioned?

A

Shakespeare’s ‘Midsummer Night’s Dream’

60
Q

How much larger was the population in the 1590s than it had been 50 years earlier?

A

1 million

61
Q

In what 2 years was every town affected by plague deaths?

A

1596 and 1597

62
Q

In 1598, what % of people in Kent could not support themselves?

A

12%

63
Q

How much did the death rate increase in 1595-97?

A

50%

64
Q

How many vagabonds were punished in 1598?

A

67

65
Q

How many vagabonds were usually punished in a year?

A

12

66
Q

How many vagabonds were punished in the London Bridewell in 1600-01?

A

555

67
Q

How many vagabonds were punished in the London Bridewell in 1578-79?

A

209

68
Q

What did the Privy Council forbid in an attempt to ease social problems?

A

The export of grain

69
Q

How much higher were food prices in 1596 than they usually were?

A

100% higher

70
Q

What was cancelled in 1593 due to food riots?

A

The Goose Fair

71
Q

LATER YEARS UNREST

A

LATER YEARS UNREST

72
Q

When was the government forced to abandon its attempt to collect ship money?

A

1596

73
Q

Where was there a mutiny in 1602?

A

Gloucester

74
Q

What caused the mutiny in Gloucester in 1602?

A

The army refused to pay for uniforms

75
Q

When was the Oxfordshire Rising?

A

November 1596

76
Q

How many participated in the Oxfordshire Rising?

A

5

77
Q

What were some of the professions of the men in the Oxfordshire Rising?

A

Mason, carpenter, miller

78
Q

What was the plan of the Oxfordshire rising?

A
  • Throw down on local enclosures
  • Attack Norris’ headquarters and seize guns
  • March on London
79
Q

How many men actually rose up in the Oxfordshire rising?

A

1

80
Q

What did the government charge the 5 ring leaders of the Oxfordshire rising with?

A

Treason - under the Treason Act 1571

81
Q

How many of the men in the Oxfordshire rising were executed?

A

2

82
Q

What happened to the men in the Oxfordshire rising who were not executed?

A

They were imprisoned

83
Q

What was the main reason for the Oxfordshire Rising?

A

Economic problems

84
Q

What did Parliament pass in 1591 to reverse enclosure?

A

The Tillage Act 1591

85
Q

When was Tyrone’s Rebellion?

A

1598 to 1603

86
Q

Who led Tyrone’s Rebellion?

A

Hugh O’Neill, the Earl of Tyrone

87
Q

How much did England spend fighting in Ireland?

A

£2 million

88
Q

What battle did England lose in 1598?

A

The Battle of Yellow Ford

89
Q

How many died in the Battle of Yellow Ford?

A

1500

90
Q

When did the Earl of Tyrone swear allegiance to Philip?

A

1596

91
Q

How many men was Essex sent to Ireland with?

A

16,000

92
Q

How many men did Essex take with him to face Tyrone?

A

4000

93
Q

What did Essex do when in Ireland?

A

Essex negotiated a peace treaty without QE’s permission

94
Q

How much did it cost to send Essex and his troops to Ireland?

A

£280,000

95
Q

Who replaced Essex in leading the army in Ireland?

A

Lord Mountjoy

96
Q

Where did Spanish troops land in 1601?

A

Kinsale

97
Q

When did Spanish troops in Ireland surrender?

A

1602

98
Q

What did Essex join in 1589 against QE’s direct orders?

A

The expedition to Lisbon

99
Q

What weakened the Earl of Essex’s position?

A

His rivalry with Cecil

100
Q

What was Cecil appointed in 1596 whilst Essex was on an expedition to Cadiz?

A

Principal Secretary

101
Q

What did Essex do after QE slapped him during a discussion on who should be sent to Ireland?

A

He went to draw his sword

102
Q

What did Essex do which led to him being placed under house arrest?

A

He came back from Ireland without QE’s permission

103
Q

Where did Essex have widespread support?

A

The City of London

104
Q

Why was Essex criticised in his return to England?

A

He failed to battle Tyrone

105
Q

Why did QE replace Essex with Lord Mountjoy?

A

It removed an Essex ally

106
Q

What did Essex try to persuade Lord Mountjoy to do?

A

Return from Ireland with an army to support him

107
Q

How did QE punish Essex for returning to England without permission?

A

She refused to renew his patent on sweet wines

108
Q

Who did Essex approach, suggesting that Cecil would place the Spanish Infanta on the throne when QE died?

A

James VI in Scotland

109
Q

What play did Essex commission, sending a message?

A

Richard II (Shakespeare)

110
Q

How many were executed for the Essex rebellion?

A

6 including Essex

111
Q

When was Essex executed?

A

25th February 1601

112
Q

DECLINE IN POPULARITY

A

DECLINE IN POPULARITY

113
Q

What was a complaint from Labourers in the 1590s?

A

‘We shall never have a merry world while the queen liveth’

114
Q

What were some people heard wishing during the economic crisis of the 1590s?

A

Heard wishing the queen dead

115
Q

What was QE described as in 1601?

A

‘Old and ill’

116
Q

How many children was QE rumoured to have in the 1590s?

A

3, all with different men

117
Q

How many teeth had QE lost?

A

Several on one side of the mouth

118
Q

Why was QE mocked?

A

For wearing a bright red wig

119
Q

What did QE’s last parliament in 1601 end with?

A

A flurry praise of her graciousness

Tudors (61 decks)

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